Gender effects on productive incomes and retirement incomes in Poland
type: CreativeWork
description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of gender on the productive income of employed individuals, and on the retirement income of retirees in Poland in the early stages of the transformation. The overall hypotheses tested are: 1) high productive incomes of currently employed individuals are a function of gender, other sociodemographic characteristics, and human capital factors: and 2) high retirement incomes of retired individuals are a function of gender, other sociodemographic characteristics, and human capital factors. The data were gathered through face-to-face interviews with 600 households in Lublin, Poland in 1994. There were 1,952 individuals in the 600 households. Two subsamples are used for two different regression analyses of productive income and retirement income, a subsample of individuals employed in 1994 (637 individuals) and a subsample of individuals retired in 1994 (176 individuals). From the results of the least squares regression analyses of the productive income and the retirement income, this study found that consistent predictors in both the productive and retirement income models are gender, age, region of residence, education, and health status. Job change variables are not significant in predicting productive incomes. Corrected income and adult earnings ratio are significant in the model of productive income, but it is not in the model of retirement income.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of gender on the productive income of employed individuals, and on the retirement income of retirees in Poland in the early stages of the transformation. The overall hypotheses tested are: 1) high productive incomes of currently employed individuals are a function of gender, other sociodemographic characteristics, and human capital factors: and 2) high retirement incomes of retired individuals are a function of gender, other sociodemographic characteristics, and human capital factors. The data were gathered through face-to-face interviews with 600 households in Lublin, Poland in 1994. There were 1,952 individuals in the 600 households. Two subsamples are used for two different regression analyses of productive income and retirement income, a subsample of individuals employed in 1994 (637 individuals) and a subsample of individuals retired in 1994 (176 individuals). From the results of the least squares regression analyses of the productive income and the retirement income, this study found that consistent predictors in both the productive and retirement income models are gender, age, region of residence, education, and health status. Job change variables are not significant in predicting productive incomes. Corrected income and adult earnings ratio are significant in the model of productive income, but it is not in the model of retirement income.
author: Koh, Sun-Kang
language: en
date published: 1998
date modified: 2026-07-24T02:38:57Z
provider: Iowa State University
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Iowa State University