{"id":{"repo_id":"helsinki","oai_identifier":"oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/624918"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/helsinki/oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/624918","repository":{"repo_id":"helsinki","name":"University of Helsinki","base_url":"https://helda.helsinki.fi/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Can Climate Change be Successfully Incorporated into Security Policy? : Framing Climate Security and Defence in Finnish Comprehensive Security Policy through the 21st Century","abstract":"The comprehensive security model of Finland’s security policy identifies anything that can pose a threat to the functioning of society and the well-being of citizens as a security threat. Climate change is included as a threat to security under this policy, but its presentation and framing as a threat, and who it is framed as a threat to, varies throughout policy documentation. This thesis analyses how climate change is framed as a security issue in Finnish security policy by the Government of Finland and the Finnish Defence Forces, and how well comprehensive security policy includes climate issues on an overarching policy level. Frame analysis is utilised to identify different framings of climate security in policy by dividing definitions of security into four separate frames: traditional, international, human, and planetary security. These four groups each present a different object of security: each of them is focused on preserving the security of a specific group or institution. Qualitative content analysis is then used to analyse the frames identified and in situating the frames into a wider political context. The main data consists of the Foreign and Security Policy Reports and Government Programmes of the Government of Finland, as well as the climate policy and environmental reporting of the Finnish Defence Forces. According to the analysis, the Government of Finland and the Finnish Defence Forces, the two main actors responsible for security policy and its implementation, frame climate change regularly as a threat to the state through a traditional frame of security, and to the stability of the current international system through an international frame. Frames of human security are largely absent, and planetary frames do not appear in policy documentation. The security effects of climate change to Finland are perceived as mostly secondary effects which threaten state security. Climate change is rarely framed in security policy as a direct threat to citizens, and never as a threat to the environment, even though a comprehensive understanding of security could include threats to citizens as concrete risks which need to be responded to and managed.","abstract_html":"The comprehensive security model of Finland’s security policy identifies anything that can pose a threat to the functioning of society and the well-being of citizens as a security threat. Climate change is included as a threat to security under this policy, but its presentation and framing as a threat, and who it is framed as a threat to, varies throughout policy documentation. This thesis analyses how climate change is framed as a security issue in Finnish security policy by the Government of Finland and the Finnish Defence Forces, and how well comprehensive security policy includes climate issues on an overarching policy level. Frame analysis is utilised to identify different framings of climate security in policy by dividing definitions of security into four separate frames: traditional, international, human, and planetary security. These four groups each present a different object of security: each of them is focused on preserving the security of a specific group or institution. Qualitative content analysis is then used to analyse the frames identified and in situating the frames into a wider political context. The main data consists of the Foreign and Security Policy Reports and Government Programmes of the Government of Finland, as well as the climate policy and environmental reporting of the Finnish Defence Forces. According to the analysis, the Government of Finland and the Finnish Defence Forces, the two main actors responsible for security policy and its implementation, frame climate change regularly as a threat to the state through a traditional frame of security, and to the stability of the current international system through an international frame. Frames of human security are largely absent, and planetary frames do not appear in policy documentation. The security effects of climate change to Finland are perceived as mostly secondary effects which threaten state security. Climate change is rarely framed in security policy as a direct threat to citizens, and never as a threat to the environment, even though a comprehensive understanding of security could include threats to citizens as concrete risks which need to be responded to and managed.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Raami, Johannes"],"institution":"Helsingin yliopisto","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-12-17","date_published":"2025-12-17","updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:56:11Z","subjects":["Finland","comprehensive security","securitisation","climate change","climate security","Finnish Defence Forces","Government of Finland"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["CC BY-NC-ND 4.0"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/624918","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Raami, Johannes"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2025-12-17T11:27:29Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2025-12-17T11:27:29Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2025-12-17"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Helsingin yliopisto","University of Helsinki","Helsingfors universitet"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Finland","comprehensive security","securitisation","climate change","climate security","Finnish Defence Forces","Government of Finland"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["CC BY-NC-ND 4.0"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10138/624918"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The comprehensive security model of Finland’s security policy identifies anything that can pose a threat to the functioning of society and the well-being of citizens as a security threat. Climate change is included as a threat to security under this policy, but its presentation and framing as a threat, and who it is framed as a threat to, varies throughout policy documentation. This thesis analyses how climate change is framed as a security issue in Finnish security policy by the Government of Finland and the Finnish Defence Forces, and how well comprehensive security policy includes climate issues on an overarching policy level. Frame analysis is utilised to identify different framings of climate security in policy by dividing definitions of security into four separate frames: traditional, international, human, and planetary security. These four groups each present a different object of security: each of them is focused on preserving the security of a specific group or institution. Qualitative content analysis is then used to analyse the frames identified and in situating the frames into a wider political context. The main data consists of the Foreign and Security Policy Reports and Government Programmes of the Government of Finland, as well as the climate policy and environmental reporting of the Finnish Defence Forces. According to the analysis, the Government of Finland and the Finnish Defence Forces, the two main actors responsible for security policy and its implementation, frame climate change regularly as a threat to the state through a traditional frame of security, and to the stability of the current international system through an international frame. Frames of human security are largely absent, and planetary frames do not appear in policy documentation. The security effects of climate change to Finland are perceived as mostly secondary effects which threaten state security. Climate change is rarely framed in security policy as a direct threat to citizens, and never as a threat to the environment, even though a comprehensive understanding of security could include threats to citizens as concrete risks which need to be responded to and managed.","Kokonaisturvallisuuden toimintamalli Suomen turvallisuuspolitiikassa luokittelee turvallisuusuhaksi minkä tahansa uhan, joka voi vaarantaa yhteiskunnan toimintaa tai kansalaisten hyvinvointia. Myös ilmastonmuutos luokitellaan kokonaisturvallisuuden mallissa turvallisuusuhaksi. Ilmastonmuutoksen esittäminen ja kehystäminen sekä ilmastonmuutoksen uhan kohde – kehen tai mihin ilmastonmuutos vaikuttaa – vaihtelevat kuitenkin kokonaisturvallisuuden pohjustamassa turvallisuuspolitiikassa. Tämä tutkielma analysoi valtioneuvoston ja Puolustusvoimien esittämiä kehyksiä ilmastonmuutoksesta turvallisuuskysymyksenä Suomen turvallisuuspolitiikassa sekä kokonaisturvallisuuden mallin näkökulmaa ilmastonmuutokseen valtion selonteoissa. Tutkimusmenetelminä ilmastoturvallisuuden eri kehyksien tunnistamiseen hyödynnetään kehysanalyysiä jakamalla turvallisuuden määritelmät neljään erilliseen kehykseen: perinteiseen, kansainväliseen, inhimilliseen sekä planetaariseen turvallisuuteen. Jokainen näistä neljästä kehyksestä lähestyy turvallisuutta eri näkökulmasta ja erilaisen turvallisuuden kohteen kautta esittämällä jonkin tietyn ryhmän tai instituution turvallisuuden muita tärkeämpänä. Kehysten tunnistamisen jälkeen materiaalista havaittuja kehyksiä ja niiden laajempia asiayhteyksiä analysoidaan kvalitatiivisen sisällönanalyysin kautta. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu pääosin valtioneuvoston ulko- ja turvallisuuspoliittisista selonteoista, puolustusselonteoista sekä hallitusohjelmista. Lisäksi aineistoon sisältyvät Puolustusvoimien energia- ja ilmasto-ohjelmat ja ympäristö- ja vastuullisuusraportit. Analyysin perusteella keskeiset valtion turvallisuuspolitiikasta vastaavat toimijat eli valtioneuvosto ja Puolustusvoimat kehystävät ilmastonmuutoksen lähinnä uhkana valtiolle perinteisen turvallisuuskehyksen kautta. Lisäksi ilmastonmuutos kehystetään kansainvälisen turvallisuuskehyksen kautta uhkana tämänhetkisen kansainvälisen järjestelmän vakaudelle. Inhimillisen turvallisuuden kehykset ovat harvoin esillä analysoidussa aineistossa, ja planetaarisia turvallisuuskehyksiä ei esiinny lainkaan. Ilmastonmuutoksen turvallisuusvaikutukset Suomelle nähdään lähinnä toissijaisina tai heijastevaikutuksina, jotka myös uhkaavat pääosin valtion turvallisuutta. Ilmastonmuutosta ei juurikaan kehystetä kansalaisten turvallisuutta uhkaavana haasteena turvallisuuspolitiikassa, eikä koskaan suoranaisena ympäristöuhkana, vaikka kokonaisturvallisuuden malli sisältäisikin kansalaisiin vaikuttavat uhat varteenotettavina turvallisuusuhkina joihin tulisi varautua."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Can Climate Change be Successfully Incorporated into Security Policy? : Framing Climate Security and Defence in Finnish Comprehensive Security Policy through the 21st Century"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Raami, Johannes"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2025-12-17T11:27:29Z"],"dc:date.available":["2025-12-17T11:27:29Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2025-12-17"],"dc:description.abstract":["The comprehensive security model of Finland’s security policy identifies anything that can pose a threat to the functioning of society and the well-being of citizens as a security threat. Climate change is included as a threat to security under this policy, but its presentation and framing as a threat, and who it is framed as a threat to, varies throughout policy documentation. This thesis analyses how climate change is framed as a security issue in Finnish security policy by the Government of Finland and the Finnish Defence Forces, and how well comprehensive security policy includes climate issues on an overarching policy level. Frame analysis is utilised to identify different framings of climate security in policy by dividing definitions of security into four separate frames: traditional, international, human, and planetary security. These four groups each present a different object of security: each of them is focused on preserving the security of a specific group or institution. Qualitative content analysis is then used to analyse the frames identified and in situating the frames into a wider political context. The main data consists of the Foreign and Security Policy Reports and Government Programmes of the Government of Finland, as well as the climate policy and environmental reporting of the Finnish Defence Forces. According to the analysis, the Government of Finland and the Finnish Defence Forces, the two main actors responsible for security policy and its implementation, frame climate change regularly as a threat to the state through a traditional frame of security, and to the stability of the current international system through an international frame. Frames of human security are largely absent, and planetary frames do not appear in policy documentation. The security effects of climate change to Finland are perceived as mostly secondary effects which threaten state security. Climate change is rarely framed in security policy as a direct threat to citizens, and never as a threat to the environment, even though a comprehensive understanding of security could include threats to citizens as concrete risks which need to be responded to and managed.","Kokonaisturvallisuuden toimintamalli Suomen turvallisuuspolitiikassa luokittelee turvallisuusuhaksi minkä tahansa uhan, joka voi vaarantaa yhteiskunnan toimintaa tai kansalaisten hyvinvointia. Myös ilmastonmuutos luokitellaan kokonaisturvallisuuden mallissa turvallisuusuhaksi. Ilmastonmuutoksen esittäminen ja kehystäminen sekä ilmastonmuutoksen uhan kohde – kehen tai mihin ilmastonmuutos vaikuttaa – vaihtelevat kuitenkin kokonaisturvallisuuden pohjustamassa turvallisuuspolitiikassa. Tämä tutkielma analysoi valtioneuvoston ja Puolustusvoimien esittämiä kehyksiä ilmastonmuutoksesta turvallisuuskysymyksenä Suomen turvallisuuspolitiikassa sekä kokonaisturvallisuuden mallin näkökulmaa ilmastonmuutokseen valtion selonteoissa. Tutkimusmenetelminä ilmastoturvallisuuden eri kehyksien tunnistamiseen hyödynnetään kehysanalyysiä jakamalla turvallisuuden määritelmät neljään erilliseen kehykseen: perinteiseen, kansainväliseen, inhimilliseen sekä planetaariseen turvallisuuteen. Jokainen näistä neljästä kehyksestä lähestyy turvallisuutta eri näkökulmasta ja erilaisen turvallisuuden kohteen kautta esittämällä jonkin tietyn ryhmän tai instituution turvallisuuden muita tärkeämpänä. Kehysten tunnistamisen jälkeen materiaalista havaittuja kehyksiä ja niiden laajempia asiayhteyksiä analysoidaan kvalitatiivisen sisällönanalyysin kautta. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu pääosin valtioneuvoston ulko- ja turvallisuuspoliittisista selonteoista, puolustusselonteoista sekä hallitusohjelmista. Lisäksi aineistoon sisältyvät Puolustusvoimien energia- ja ilmasto-ohjelmat ja ympäristö- ja vastuullisuusraportit. Analyysin perusteella keskeiset valtion turvallisuuspolitiikasta vastaavat toimijat eli valtioneuvosto ja Puolustusvoimat kehystävät ilmastonmuutoksen lähinnä uhkana valtiolle perinteisen turvallisuuskehyksen kautta. Lisäksi ilmastonmuutos kehystetään kansainvälisen turvallisuuskehyksen kautta uhkana tämänhetkisen kansainvälisen järjestelmän vakaudelle. Inhimillisen turvallisuuden kehykset ovat harvoin esillä analysoidussa aineistossa, ja planetaarisia turvallisuuskehyksiä ei esiinny lainkaan. Ilmastonmuutoksen turvallisuusvaikutukset Suomelle nähdään lähinnä toissijaisina tai heijastevaikutuksina, jotka myös uhkaavat pääosin valtion turvallisuutta. Ilmastonmuutosta ei juurikaan kehystetä kansalaisten turvallisuutta uhkaavana haasteena turvallisuuspolitiikassa, eikä koskaan suoranaisena ympäristöuhkana, vaikka kokonaisturvallisuuden malli sisältäisikin kansalaisiin vaikuttavat uhat varteenotettavina turvallisuusuhkina joihin tulisi varautua."],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/10138/624918"],"dc:language.iso":["eng"],"dc:publisher":["Helsingin yliopisto","University of Helsinki","Helsingfors universitet"],"dc:rights":["CC BY-NC-ND 4.0"],"dc:subject":["Finland","comprehensive security","securitisation","climate change","climate security","Finnish Defence Forces","Government of Finland"],"dc:title":["Can Climate Change be Successfully Incorporated into Security Policy? : Framing Climate Security and Defence in Finnish Comprehensive Security Policy through the 21st Century"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:56:11Z"}