The field of educational leadership is currently experiencing an era of educational change. Women who work in primarily male-dominated careers as principals of middle schools have experienced a variety of complex issues related to their leadership roles and their gender roles. There has been a notable increase in the number of female principals in Georgia, and in the nation, therefore the role of the principal was studied to determine how much this role has changed. Feminist standpoint theory was used to provide different insights and perspectives about the problem of marginalization of women in educational administration. Georgia middle school principals were the subjects of this study. Through self-evaluation, interviews and faculty surveys, their leadership was examined. Demographic variables impacting these Georgia women were also researched.
Information was gathered about female principals as well as directly from them. This helped to gain a broader, more comprehensive, view of the work they do. Qualitative data, through interviews, were also collected in order to crystallize the perception of the principals. It provided a deepened and complex partial understanding of their work as principals. Discourse analysis was utilized to interpret interview data.
A profile of Georgia's female middle school principals was created from a survey that included personal and professional demographic information. Through interviews, the principals richly described their leadership styles with a large emphasis on collaboration and teamwork. These women tended to highly value relationships and caring for others.
The external structure of administration appeared resistant to internal pressure. Such structure depends upon subordination. The female principals reported having a sense of this structure. They called it \"playing the game\" of leadership. Similarly, female principals felt forced to be less \"feminine\" in order to be a \"good principal\". Due to socially constructed gender traits, women tend to possess strong people-skills and value relationships. Georgia's female principals were perceived as strong leaders and rated them higher than the principals did themselves.
","abstract_html":"<p>The field of educational leadership is currently experiencing an era of educational change. Women who work in primarily male-dominated careers as principals of middle schools have experienced a variety of complex issues related to their leadership roles and their gender roles. There has been a notable increase in the number of female principals in Georgia, and in the nation, therefore the role of the principal was studied to determine how much this role has changed. Feminist standpoint theory was used to provide different insights and perspectives about the problem of marginalization of women in educational administration. Georgia middle school principals were the subjects of this study. Through self-evaluation, interviews and faculty surveys, their leadership was examined. Demographic variables impacting these Georgia women were also researched.</p> <p>Information was gathered about female principals as well as directly from them. This helped to gain a broader, more comprehensive, view of the work they do. Qualitative data, through interviews, were also collected in order to crystallize the perception of the principals. It provided a deepened and complex partial understanding of their work as principals. Discourse analysis was utilized to interpret interview data.</p> <p>A profile of Georgia's female middle school principals was created from a survey that included personal and professional demographic information. Through interviews, the principals richly described their leadership styles with a large emphasis on collaboration and teamwork. These women tended to highly value relationships and caring for others.</p> <p>The external structure of administration appeared resistant to internal pressure. Such structure depends upon subordination. The female principals reported having a sense of this structure. They called it "playing the game" of leadership. Similarly, female principals felt forced to be less "feminine" in order to be a "good principal". Due to socially constructed gender traits, women tend to possess strong people-skills and value relationships. Georgia's female principals were perceived as strong leaders and rated them higher than the principals did themselves.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Doty, Karen L."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Education in Curriculum Studies","degree_level":"Dissertation (open access)","degree_discipline":"Department of Curriculum, Foundations, and Reading","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Mike Richardson","Leon Spencer","Gary Hytrek"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2001,"date_issued":"2001-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2001-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:28:00Z","subjects":["ETD","Women principals","Feminist theory","Educational leadership","Curriculum and Instruction","Curriculum and Social Inquiry","Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research","Educational Methods"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd_legacy/152","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Mike Richardson","Leon Spencer","Gary Hytrek"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Doty, Karen L."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["1970-01-01T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Department of Curriculum, Foundations, and Reading"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation (open access)"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Education in Curriculum Studies"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["ETD","Women principals","Feminist theory","Educational leadership","Curriculum and Instruction","Curriculum and Social Inquiry","Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research","Educational Methods"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd_legacy/152"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The field of educational leadership is currently experiencing an era of educational change. Women who work in primarily male-dominated careers as principals of middle schools have experienced a variety of complex issues related to their leadership roles and their gender roles. There has been a notable increase in the number of female principals in Georgia, and in the nation, therefore the role of the principal was studied to determine how much this role has changed. Feminist standpoint theory was used to provide different insights and perspectives about the problem of marginalization of women in educational administration. Georgia middle school principals were the subjects of this study. Through self-evaluation, interviews and faculty surveys, their leadership was examined. Demographic variables impacting these Georgia women were also researched.
Information was gathered about female principals as well as directly from them. This helped to gain a broader, more comprehensive, view of the work they do. Qualitative data, through interviews, were also collected in order to crystallize the perception of the principals. It provided a deepened and complex partial understanding of their work as principals. Discourse analysis was utilized to interpret interview data.
A profile of Georgia's female middle school principals was created from a survey that included personal and professional demographic information. Through interviews, the principals richly described their leadership styles with a large emphasis on collaboration and teamwork. These women tended to highly value relationships and caring for others.
The external structure of administration appeared resistant to internal pressure. Such structure depends upon subordination. The female principals reported having a sense of this structure. They called it \"playing the game\" of leadership. Similarly, female principals felt forced to be less \"feminine\" in order to be a \"good principal\". Due to socially constructed gender traits, women tend to possess strong people-skills and value relationships. Georgia's female principals were perceived as strong leaders and rated them higher than the principals did themselves.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Women in Public Middle School Administration in Georgia: A Feminist Analysis of the Perceptions of Women in Power"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Mike Richardson","Leon Spencer","Gary Hytrek"],"dc:creator":["Doty, Karen L."],"dc:date.available":["1970-01-01T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["The field of educational leadership is currently experiencing an era of educational change. Women who work in primarily male-dominated careers as principals of middle schools have experienced a variety of complex issues related to their leadership roles and their gender roles. There has been a notable increase in the number of female principals in Georgia, and in the nation, therefore the role of the principal was studied to determine how much this role has changed. Feminist standpoint theory was used to provide different insights and perspectives about the problem of marginalization of women in educational administration. Georgia middle school principals were the subjects of this study. Through self-evaluation, interviews and faculty surveys, their leadership was examined. Demographic variables impacting these Georgia women were also researched.
Information was gathered about female principals as well as directly from them. This helped to gain a broader, more comprehensive, view of the work they do. Qualitative data, through interviews, were also collected in order to crystallize the perception of the principals. It provided a deepened and complex partial understanding of their work as principals. Discourse analysis was utilized to interpret interview data.
A profile of Georgia's female middle school principals was created from a survey that included personal and professional demographic information. Through interviews, the principals richly described their leadership styles with a large emphasis on collaboration and teamwork. These women tended to highly value relationships and caring for others.
The external structure of administration appeared resistant to internal pressure. Such structure depends upon subordination. The female principals reported having a sense of this structure. They called it \"playing the game\" of leadership. Similarly, female principals felt forced to be less \"feminine\" in order to be a \"good principal\". Due to socially constructed gender traits, women tend to possess strong people-skills and value relationships. Georgia's female principals were perceived as strong leaders and rated them higher than the principals did themselves.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd_legacy/152"],"dc:subject":["ETD","Women principals","Feminist theory","Educational leadership","Curriculum and Instruction","Curriculum and Social Inquiry","Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research","Educational Methods"],"dc:title":["Women in Public Middle School Administration in Georgia: A Feminist Analysis of the Perceptions of Women in Power"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Department of Curriculum, Foundations, and Reading"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation (open access)"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Education in Curriculum Studies"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:28:00Z"}