{"id":{"repo_id":"gsu","oai_identifier":"oai:digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu:etd-1603"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/gsu/oai:digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu:etd-1603","repository":{"repo_id":"gsu","name":"Georgia Southern University","base_url":"https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"The Second Roman Revolution: A Study in Religious Policy from 250-325 C.E.","abstract":"The late third century and the early fourth century in the Roman Empire was a period of profound change. The Romans struggled with several internal crises as well as constant harassment from foreign enemies. Because of this downturn, several emperors attempted to consolidate more control over several areas, including economics, the military, bureaucracy, and religion. While these episodes in political and social change are regarded among scholars a watershed moment in history, most historians refuse to acknowledge this era as a revolutionary period. This paper focuses on one aspect of change that occurred during this period, religion. Using a carefully constructed definition of revolution, this re-examination of the religious changes within the empire attempts to demonstrate that an evolution in the religious policies of men such as Decius, Valerian, and finally Diocletian and the Tetrarchy allowed Constantine to initiate a Christian Revolution that forever altered the future of the Roman Empire and molded the future of individual European kingdoms. Decius, Valerian, and Diocletian's religious policies altered the idea of what religion meant for the empire in two ways. First, their attempt to persecute non-traditional religious cults evolved religion from typically local institutions to giving religion a greater role throughout the state. Secondly, all three emperors attempted to use religion as a means of social control both to attempt to deal with the serious crises plaguing the empire and also to instill unity and consolidate power. Both of these changes allowed Constantine in 312 to begin to instill the Christian religion throughout the empire as he eliminated his rivals and became sole emperor.","abstract_html":"The late third century and the early fourth century in the Roman Empire was a period of profound change. The Romans struggled with several internal crises as well as constant harassment from foreign enemies. Because of this downturn, several emperors attempted to consolidate more control over several areas, including economics, the military, bureaucracy, and religion. While these episodes in political and social change are regarded among scholars a watershed moment in history, most historians refuse to acknowledge this era as a revolutionary period. This paper focuses on one aspect of change that occurred during this period, religion. Using a carefully constructed definition of revolution, this re-examination of the religious changes within the empire attempts to demonstrate that an evolution in the religious policies of men such as Decius, Valerian, and finally Diocletian and the Tetrarchy allowed Constantine to initiate a Christian Revolution that forever altered the future of the Roman Empire and molded the future of individual European kingdoms. Decius, Valerian, and Diocletian's religious policies altered the idea of what religion meant for the empire in two ways. First, their attempt to persecute non-traditional religious cults evolved religion from typically local institutions to giving religion a greater role throughout the state. Secondly, all three emperors attempted to use religion as a means of social control both to attempt to deal with the serious crises plaguing the empire and also to instill unity and consolidate power. Both of these changes allowed Constantine in 312 to begin to instill the Christian religion throughout the empire as he eliminated his rivals and became sole emperor.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Diamond, Daniel Francis"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Arts in History (M.A.)","degree_level":"Thesis (open access)","degree_discipline":"Department of History","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["John Steinberg","Nadya Popov-Reynolds"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-05-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2012-05-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:27:12Z","subjects":["ETD","Roman history","Christian history","Late antiquity","Constantine","Diocletian and the Tetrarchy","Primitive and early church","ca 30-600","Church and state"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/603","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["John Steinberg","Nadya Popov-Reynolds"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Diamond, Daniel Francis"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2013-10-17T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Department of History"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis (open access)"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Arts in History (M.A.)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["ETD","Roman history","Christian history","Late antiquity","Constantine","Diocletian and the Tetrarchy","Primitive and early church","ca 30-600","Church and state"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/603"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The late third century and the early fourth century in the Roman Empire was a period of profound change. The Romans struggled with several internal crises as well as constant harassment from foreign enemies. Because of this downturn, several emperors attempted to consolidate more control over several areas, including economics, the military, bureaucracy, and religion. While these episodes in political and social change are regarded among scholars a watershed moment in history, most historians refuse to acknowledge this era as a revolutionary period. This paper focuses on one aspect of change that occurred during this period, religion. Using a carefully constructed definition of revolution, this re-examination of the religious changes within the empire attempts to demonstrate that an evolution in the religious policies of men such as Decius, Valerian, and finally Diocletian and the Tetrarchy allowed Constantine to initiate a Christian Revolution that forever altered the future of the Roman Empire and molded the future of individual European kingdoms. Decius, Valerian, and Diocletian's religious policies altered the idea of what religion meant for the empire in two ways. First, their attempt to persecute non-traditional religious cults evolved religion from typically local institutions to giving religion a greater role throughout the state. Secondly, all three emperors attempted to use religion as a means of social control both to attempt to deal with the serious crises plaguing the empire and also to instill unity and consolidate power. Both of these changes allowed Constantine in 312 to begin to instill the Christian religion throughout the empire as he eliminated his rivals and became sole emperor."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Second Roman Revolution: A Study in Religious Policy from 250-325 C.E."]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["John Steinberg","Nadya Popov-Reynolds"],"dc:creator":["Diamond, Daniel Francis"],"dc:date.available":["2013-10-17T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["The late third century and the early fourth century in the Roman Empire was a period of profound change. The Romans struggled with several internal crises as well as constant harassment from foreign enemies. Because of this downturn, several emperors attempted to consolidate more control over several areas, including economics, the military, bureaucracy, and religion. While these episodes in political and social change are regarded among scholars a watershed moment in history, most historians refuse to acknowledge this era as a revolutionary period. This paper focuses on one aspect of change that occurred during this period, religion. Using a carefully constructed definition of revolution, this re-examination of the religious changes within the empire attempts to demonstrate that an evolution in the religious policies of men such as Decius, Valerian, and finally Diocletian and the Tetrarchy allowed Constantine to initiate a Christian Revolution that forever altered the future of the Roman Empire and molded the future of individual European kingdoms. Decius, Valerian, and Diocletian's religious policies altered the idea of what religion meant for the empire in two ways. First, their attempt to persecute non-traditional religious cults evolved religion from typically local institutions to giving religion a greater role throughout the state. Secondly, all three emperors attempted to use religion as a means of social control both to attempt to deal with the serious crises plaguing the empire and also to instill unity and consolidate power. Both of these changes allowed Constantine in 312 to begin to instill the Christian religion throughout the empire as he eliminated his rivals and became sole emperor."],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/603"],"dc:subject":["ETD","Roman history","Christian history","Late antiquity","Constantine","Diocletian and the Tetrarchy","Primitive and early church","ca 30-600","Church and state"],"dc:title":["The Second Roman Revolution: A Study in Religious Policy from 250-325 C.E."],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Department of History"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis (open access)"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Arts in History (M.A.)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:27:12Z"}