{"id":{"repo_id":"gsu","oai_identifier":"oai:digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu:etd-1136"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/gsu/oai:digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu:etd-1136","repository":{"repo_id":"gsu","name":"Georgia Southern University","base_url":"https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"An Examination of an Optimism Training intervention on Optimism Levels of NCAA Division I Athletes: A Single Subject Design","abstract":"Optimism has been shown to provide many benefits, such as better health, increased satisfaction, confidence, motivation, and higher athletic performance. Research has also suggested the ability to increase the frequency of experiencing those benefits through the use of certain cognitive behavior therapy techniques. While the research shows the ability to increase optimism in a random sample of individuals, there is a lack of research on increasing optimism in athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an optimism training intervention on state optimism levels of NCAA Division 1 athletes. It was hypothesized the intervention will increase optimism levels in participants. Results displayed an increase in optimism scores during the intervention phase for all participants. After the intervention, two participants dropped in optimism levels while the other two stayed relatively the same. These results suggest optimism training may increase optimism levels. Further research examining varying sports, length of intervention, and timing the intervention closer to in-season is suggested.","abstract_html":"Optimism has been shown to provide many benefits, such as better health, increased satisfaction, confidence, motivation, and higher athletic performance. Research has also suggested the ability to increase the frequency of experiencing those benefits through the use of certain cognitive behavior therapy techniques. While the research shows the ability to increase optimism in a random sample of individuals, there is a lack of research on increasing optimism in athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an optimism training intervention on state optimism levels of NCAA Division 1 athletes. It was hypothesized the intervention will increase optimism levels in participants. Results displayed an increase in optimism scores during the intervention phase for all participants. After the intervention, two participants dropped in optimism levels while the other two stayed relatively the same. These results suggest optimism training may increase optimism levels. Further research examining varying sports, length of intervention, and timing the intervention closer to in-season is suggested.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Salzgeber, Anya Marie"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science in Kinesiology (M.S.)","degree_level":"Thesis (open access)","degree_discipline":"Department of Health and Kinesiology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Daniel R. Czech","Brandonn Harris","Trey Burdette"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-05-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2012-05-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:26:17Z","subjects":["ETD","Optimism","Optimism intervention","Cognitive behavior therapy","Football players","Football"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/136","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Daniel R. 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Research has also suggested the ability to increase the frequency of experiencing those benefits through the use of certain cognitive behavior therapy techniques. While the research shows the ability to increase optimism in a random sample of individuals, there is a lack of research on increasing optimism in athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an optimism training intervention on state optimism levels of NCAA Division 1 athletes. It was hypothesized the intervention will increase optimism levels in participants. Results displayed an increase in optimism scores during the intervention phase for all participants. After the intervention, two participants dropped in optimism levels while the other two stayed relatively the same. These results suggest optimism training may increase optimism levels. Further research examining varying sports, length of intervention, and timing the intervention closer to in-season is suggested."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["An Examination of an Optimism Training intervention on Optimism Levels of NCAA Division I Athletes: A Single Subject Design"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Daniel R. Czech","Brandonn Harris","Trey Burdette"],"dc:creator":["Salzgeber, Anya Marie"],"dc:date.available":["2013-10-17T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Optimism has been shown to provide many benefits, such as better health, increased satisfaction, confidence, motivation, and higher athletic performance. Research has also suggested the ability to increase the frequency of experiencing those benefits through the use of certain cognitive behavior therapy techniques. While the research shows the ability to increase optimism in a random sample of individuals, there is a lack of research on increasing optimism in athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an optimism training intervention on state optimism levels of NCAA Division 1 athletes. It was hypothesized the intervention will increase optimism levels in participants. Results displayed an increase in optimism scores during the intervention phase for all participants. After the intervention, two participants dropped in optimism levels while the other two stayed relatively the same. These results suggest optimism training may increase optimism levels. Further research examining varying sports, length of intervention, and timing the intervention closer to in-season is suggested."],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/136"],"dc:subject":["ETD","Optimism","Optimism intervention","Cognitive behavior therapy","Football players","Football"],"dc:title":["An Examination of an Optimism Training intervention on Optimism Levels of NCAA Division I Athletes: A Single Subject Design"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Department of Health and Kinesiology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis (open access)"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in Kinesiology (M.S.)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:26:17Z"}