{"id":{"repo_id":"gsu","oai_identifier":"oai:digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu:etd-1082"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/gsu/oai:digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu:etd-1082","repository":{"repo_id":"gsu","name":"Georgia Southern University","base_url":"https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Effects of Exercise and a Brief Education Intervention on Social Physique Anxiety in College Students","abstract":"Body image concerns that create anxiety in social settings [social physique anxiety (SPA)] has shown to influence behaviors of college women (Crawford & Eklund, 1994). There have been attempts to lower SPA among college students by utilizing physical activity or administrating an education or cognitive-behavioral intervention to decrease SPA (Bane, 1996; ODea and Abraham, 1999; Zabinski, Calfas, Gehrman, Wilfley, & Sallis, 2001.) Interventions take time and time in todays society is limited. Brief or time-limited interventions have shown to be beneficial, and ultra-brief therapy (treatments with six or fewer sessions) has shown to be beneficial to a substantial amount of clients (Shapiro, 2003). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects an exercise-only intervention (EO) and a brief education plus exercise intervention (BEE) would have on SPA among male and female college students. The hypothesis was that the BEE group would decrease SPA more than the EO group. The research question was whether there would be a significant decrease in SPA at three weeks and at six weeks. At the completion of the study there were 213 participants who had completed all three administrations of the 7-item Social Physique Anxiety Scale and who missed two or fewer physical activity classes and/or one or fewer education handouts. Participants were male (n = 60) and female (n = 153) college volunteers (ages 18-22 years) from a Effects of Exercise 2 southeastern university, currently enrolled in beginner aerobics (n = 95), aerobic cross-training (n = 4), jogging (n = 53), and health (n = 61) classes. Participants were assigned into one of the following groups: EO (n = 69), BEE (n = 83), and control (n = 61). Paired t-tests were run to observe if there was a time effect in SPA. There was not a significant difference in SPA from administration one (week zero) to week three (p = .503). There was a significant decrease in SPA from week three to week six (p = .021). A three-way ANOVA (3 X 2 X 3) with repeated measures on the last factor was utilized to observe whether there was an interaction across time among the three groups and if there was a gender interaction. The alpha level was set at .05. There was a violation in sphericity so the Greenhouse-Geisser adjustment was used. There was not a significant interaction between group, gender, and SPA (p = .162). There was an interaction between SPA and group (p = .022). The BEE group showed a significant decrease in SPA. The EO and control groups showed no significant changes in SPA. There was not a significant interaction between gender and SPA (p = .078). There was no group and gender interaction (p = .385). There was a main effect for gender (p = .001). The results from this study demonstrated that a brief educational plus exercise intervention, with duration longer than three weeks, may decrease SPA among male and female college students.","abstract_html":"Body image concerns that create anxiety in social settings [social physique anxiety (SPA)] has shown to influence behaviors of college women (Crawford & Eklund, 1994). There have been attempts to lower SPA among college students by utilizing physical activity or administrating an education or cognitive-behavioral intervention to decrease SPA (Bane, 1996; ODea and Abraham, 1999; Zabinski, Calfas, Gehrman, Wilfley, & Sallis, 2001.) Interventions take time and time in todays society is limited. Brief or time-limited interventions have shown to be beneficial, and ultra-brief therapy (treatments with six or fewer sessions) has shown to be beneficial to a substantial amount of clients (Shapiro, 2003). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects an exercise-only intervention (EO) and a brief education plus exercise intervention (BEE) would have on SPA among male and female college students. The hypothesis was that the BEE group would decrease SPA more than the EO group. The research question was whether there would be a significant decrease in SPA at three weeks and at six weeks. At the completion of the study there were 213 participants who had completed all three administrations of the 7-item Social Physique Anxiety Scale and who missed two or fewer physical activity classes and/or one or fewer education handouts. Participants were male (n = 60) and female (n = 153) college volunteers (ages 18-22 years) from a Effects of Exercise 2 southeastern university, currently enrolled in beginner aerobics (n = 95), aerobic cross-training (n = 4), jogging (n = 53), and health (n = 61) classes. Participants were assigned into one of the following groups: EO (n = 69), BEE (n = 83), and control (n = 61). Paired t-tests were run to observe if there was a time effect in SPA. There was not a significant difference in SPA from administration one (week zero) to week three (p = .503). There was a significant decrease in SPA from week three to week six (p = .021). A three-way ANOVA (3 X 2 X 3) with repeated measures on the last factor was utilized to observe whether there was an interaction across time among the three groups and if there was a gender interaction. The alpha level was set at .05. There was a violation in sphericity so the Greenhouse-Geisser adjustment was used. There was not a significant interaction between group, gender, and SPA (p = .162). There was an interaction between SPA and group (p = .022). The BEE group showed a significant decrease in SPA. The EO and control groups showed no significant changes in SPA. There was not a significant interaction between gender and SPA (p = .078). There was no group and gender interaction (p = .385). There was a main effect for gender (p = .001). The results from this study demonstrated that a brief educational plus exercise intervention, with duration longer than three weeks, may decrease SPA among male and female college students.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Scott, Lisa Anne"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science in Kinesiology (M.S.)","degree_level":"Thesis (open access)","degree_discipline":"Department of Health and Kinesiology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Barry A. Munkasy","Daniel Czech"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2005,"date_issued":"2005-05-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2005-05-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:26:17Z","subjects":["ETD","Social physique anxiety","Body image concerns","Brief therapy","Brief interventions","Body image"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/82","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Barry A. Munkasy","Daniel Czech"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Scott, Lisa Anne"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2013-10-17T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Department of Health and Kinesiology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis (open access)"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science in Kinesiology (M.S.)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["ETD","Social physique anxiety","Body image concerns","Brief therapy","Brief interventions","Body image"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/82"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Body image concerns that create anxiety in social settings [social physique anxiety (SPA)] has shown to influence behaviors of college women (Crawford & Eklund, 1994). There have been attempts to lower SPA among college students by utilizing physical activity or administrating an education or cognitive-behavioral intervention to decrease SPA (Bane, 1996; ODea and Abraham, 1999; Zabinski, Calfas, Gehrman, Wilfley, & Sallis, 2001.) Interventions take time and time in todays society is limited. Brief or time-limited interventions have shown to be beneficial, and ultra-brief therapy (treatments with six or fewer sessions) has shown to be beneficial to a substantial amount of clients (Shapiro, 2003). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects an exercise-only intervention (EO) and a brief education plus exercise intervention (BEE) would have on SPA among male and female college students. The hypothesis was that the BEE group would decrease SPA more than the EO group. The research question was whether there would be a significant decrease in SPA at three weeks and at six weeks. At the completion of the study there were 213 participants who had completed all three administrations of the 7-item Social Physique Anxiety Scale and who missed two or fewer physical activity classes and/or one or fewer education handouts. Participants were male (n = 60) and female (n = 153) college volunteers (ages 18-22 years) from a Effects of Exercise 2 southeastern university, currently enrolled in beginner aerobics (n = 95), aerobic cross-training (n = 4), jogging (n = 53), and health (n = 61) classes. Participants were assigned into one of the following groups: EO (n = 69), BEE (n = 83), and control (n = 61). Paired t-tests were run to observe if there was a time effect in SPA. There was not a significant difference in SPA from administration one (week zero) to week three (p = .503). There was a significant decrease in SPA from week three to week six (p = .021). A three-way ANOVA (3 X 2 X 3) with repeated measures on the last factor was utilized to observe whether there was an interaction across time among the three groups and if there was a gender interaction. The alpha level was set at .05. There was a violation in sphericity so the Greenhouse-Geisser adjustment was used. There was not a significant interaction between group, gender, and SPA (p = .162). There was an interaction between SPA and group (p = .022). The BEE group showed a significant decrease in SPA. The EO and control groups showed no significant changes in SPA. There was not a significant interaction between gender and SPA (p = .078). There was no group and gender interaction (p = .385). There was a main effect for gender (p = .001). The results from this study demonstrated that a brief educational plus exercise intervention, with duration longer than three weeks, may decrease SPA among male and female college students."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effects of Exercise and a Brief Education Intervention on Social Physique Anxiety in College Students"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Barry A. Munkasy","Daniel Czech"],"dc:creator":["Scott, Lisa Anne"],"dc:date.available":["2013-10-17T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Body image concerns that create anxiety in social settings [social physique anxiety (SPA)] has shown to influence behaviors of college women (Crawford & Eklund, 1994). There have been attempts to lower SPA among college students by utilizing physical activity or administrating an education or cognitive-behavioral intervention to decrease SPA (Bane, 1996; ODea and Abraham, 1999; Zabinski, Calfas, Gehrman, Wilfley, & Sallis, 2001.) Interventions take time and time in todays society is limited. Brief or time-limited interventions have shown to be beneficial, and ultra-brief therapy (treatments with six or fewer sessions) has shown to be beneficial to a substantial amount of clients (Shapiro, 2003). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects an exercise-only intervention (EO) and a brief education plus exercise intervention (BEE) would have on SPA among male and female college students. The hypothesis was that the BEE group would decrease SPA more than the EO group. The research question was whether there would be a significant decrease in SPA at three weeks and at six weeks. At the completion of the study there were 213 participants who had completed all three administrations of the 7-item Social Physique Anxiety Scale and who missed two or fewer physical activity classes and/or one or fewer education handouts. Participants were male (n = 60) and female (n = 153) college volunteers (ages 18-22 years) from a Effects of Exercise 2 southeastern university, currently enrolled in beginner aerobics (n = 95), aerobic cross-training (n = 4), jogging (n = 53), and health (n = 61) classes. Participants were assigned into one of the following groups: EO (n = 69), BEE (n = 83), and control (n = 61). Paired t-tests were run to observe if there was a time effect in SPA. There was not a significant difference in SPA from administration one (week zero) to week three (p = .503). There was a significant decrease in SPA from week three to week six (p = .021). A three-way ANOVA (3 X 2 X 3) with repeated measures on the last factor was utilized to observe whether there was an interaction across time among the three groups and if there was a gender interaction. The alpha level was set at .05. There was a violation in sphericity so the Greenhouse-Geisser adjustment was used. There was not a significant interaction between group, gender, and SPA (p = .162). There was an interaction between SPA and group (p = .022). The BEE group showed a significant decrease in SPA. The EO and control groups showed no significant changes in SPA. There was not a significant interaction between gender and SPA (p = .078). There was no group and gender interaction (p = .385). There was a main effect for gender (p = .001). The results from this study demonstrated that a brief educational plus exercise intervention, with duration longer than three weeks, may decrease SPA among male and female college students."],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/82"],"dc:subject":["ETD","Social physique anxiety","Body image concerns","Brief therapy","Brief interventions","Body image"],"dc:title":["Effects of Exercise and a Brief Education Intervention on Social Physique Anxiety in College Students"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Department of Health and Kinesiology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis (open access)"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in Kinesiology (M.S.)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:26:17Z"}