Acute Alterations of Scapular Upward Rotation following a Functional Fatiguing Protocol in Male Tennis Players
type: CreativeWork
description: Context: Alterations in scapular kinematics, specifically upward rotation, are associated with a variety of chronic shoulder conditions. Fatigue may exacerbate the mechanisms potentially resulting in microtrauma and impingement syndrome. Objective: To identify acute alterations of scapular upward rotation following a functional fatigue protocol. Design: Prospective longitudinal. Setting: Biomechanics research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty healthy, male competitive tennis players with no history of shoulder injury participated in this study: 10 experimental subjects(19.4 ± 1.07 yrs., 180.09 + 8.92 cm 72 + 11.56 kg) and 10 control subjects (19.6 ± 1.17 yrs., 181.1 + 6.56 cm 81.56 + 13.51 kg). Interventions: Scapular upward rotation was measured three times per session on the dominant arm while at rest, 60˚, 90˚ and 120˚ of humeral elevation in the scapular plane. Participants in the experimental group performed a tennis serving protocol and maintained at least 90% maximal exertion of the tennis serve. Fatigue was defined as reaching a rating of 15 using Borg’s rate of perceived exertion scale as well as 70% HR max. Upward rotation measurements were taken before and immediately following the fatigue protocol, and 24, 48, and 72 hours post exercise. Control participants were tested at the same time intervals without the fatiguing protocol. Main Outcome Measures: Four 2 x 5 (group x session) repeated measures ANOVA’s were performed followed by simple contrasts as appropriate. Results: Significant group by time interaction for scapular upward rotation was found at all testing positions (rest, 60˚, 90˚ and 120˚). Contrasts revealed differences between the experimental group’s pre fatigue and post fatigue values at all testing positions (pre fatigue rest: 1.48 + 2.66 post fatigue rest: -.68+ 2.66 p<.001; pre fatigue 60˚: 7.87+ 4.46 post fatigue 60˚: 5.67+ 4.72 p=.010; pre fatigue 90˚: 22.51+ 5.40 post fatigue 90˚: 19.29+ 5.16 p<.001; pre fatigue 120˚: 3…
abstract: Context: Alterations in scapular kinematics, specifically upward rotation, are associated with a variety of chronic shoulder conditions. Fatigue may exacerbate the mechanisms potentially resulting in microtrauma and impingement syndrome. Objective: To identify acute alterations of scapular upward rotation following a functional fatigue protocol. Design: Prospective longitudinal. Setting: Biomechanics research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty healthy, male competitive tennis players with no history of shoulder injury participated in this study: 10 experimental subjects(19.4 ± 1.07 yrs., 180.09 + 8.92 cm 72 + 11.56 kg) and 10 control subjects (19.6 ± 1.17 yrs., 181.1 + 6.56 cm 81.56 + 13.51 kg). Interventions: Scapular upward rotation was measured three times per session on the dominant arm while at rest, 60˚, 90˚ and 120˚ of humeral elevation in the scapular plane. Participants in the experimental group performed a tennis serving protocol and maintained at least 90% maximal exertion of the tennis serve. Fatigue was defined as reaching a rating of 15 using Borg’s rate of perceived exertion scale as well as 70% HR max. Upward rotation measurements were taken before and immediately following the fatigue protocol, and 24, 48, and 72 hours post exercise. Control participants were tested at the same time intervals without the fatiguing protocol. Main Outcome Measures: Four 2 x 5 (group x session) repeated measures ANOVA’s were performed followed by simple contrasts as appropriate. Results: Significant group by time interaction for scapular upward rotation was found at all testing positions (rest, 60˚, 90˚ and 120˚). Contrasts revealed differences between the experimental group’s pre fatigue and post fatigue values at all testing positions (pre fatigue rest: 1.48 + 2.66 post fatigue rest: -.68+ 2.66 p<.001; pre fatigue 60˚: 7.87+ 4.46 post fatigue 60˚: 5.67+ 4.72 p=.010; pre fatigue 90˚: 22.51+ 5.40 post fatigue 90˚: 19.29+ 5.16 p<.001; pre fatigue 120˚: 3…
author: Ingram, R. Lyndsey
keywords: ETD, Tennis, Scapula Kinematics, Upward rotation, Fatigue, Kinesiology
date published: 2013-04-01T07:00:00Z
date modified: 2026-07-24T02:26:17Z
provider: Georgia Southern University
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Georgia Southern University