{"id":{"repo_id":"greenwich","oai_identifier":"oai:gala.gre.ac.uk:6268"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/greenwich/oai:gala.gre.ac.uk:6268","repository":{"repo_id":"greenwich","name":"University of Greenwich","base_url":"https://gala.gre.ac.uk/cgi/oai2"},"display":{"title":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids and immune cell functions","abstract":"In MS patients there was a significantly positive relationship between membrane AA and TGF-ß1 indicating that it is the individual long chain (LC) PUFA, i.e. AA that regulate the levels of TGF-ß1. Investigation of the effects of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs on normal healthy PBMC production of TGF-ß1 in vitro showed that PBMC in the presence of phytohaemaglutinin (PHA) supplemented with LA, dihyomo-?-linolenic (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (AA) significantly increase TGF-ß1 compared with non-supplemented PHA-stimulated PBMCs. In contrast, TGF-ß1 levels from PHA-stimulated PBMCs supplemented with a-linolenic (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were significantly decreased suggesting that n-6 fatty acids (LA, DGLA and AA) increase in vitro TGF-ß1 production by PHA-stimulated PBMCs and, in contrast, n-3 fatty acids (ALA, EPA and DHA) decrease TGF-ß1 production. GLA-rich borage oil supplementation resulted in significantly decreased ex vivo monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production from PHA-or LPS-stimulated PBMC compared with baseline. It also significantly decreased cell surface expression of CD36+, CD54+ and CD62L+ on monocytes. In contrast, there was no association between LA-rich corn oil and these adhesion molecules and chemokines suggesting that GLA and/or its metabolites are affecting the chemokines and adhesion molecules studied. Overall, results of this study indicate that n-6 long chain PUFAs may have anti-inflammatory properties and might therefore be beneficial in multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases.","abstract_html":"In MS patients there was a significantly positive relationship between membrane AA and TGF-ß1 indicating that it is the individual long chain (LC) PUFA, i.e. AA that regulate the levels of TGF-ß1. Investigation of the effects of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs on normal healthy PBMC production of TGF-ß1 in vitro showed that PBMC in the presence of phytohaemaglutinin (PHA) supplemented with LA, dihyomo-?-linolenic (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (AA) significantly increase TGF-ß1 compared with non-supplemented PHA-stimulated PBMCs. In contrast, TGF-ß1 levels from PHA-stimulated PBMCs supplemented with a-linolenic (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were significantly decreased suggesting that n-6 fatty acids (LA, DGLA and AA) increase in vitro TGF-ß1 production by PHA-stimulated PBMCs and, in contrast, n-3 fatty acids (ALA, EPA and DHA) decrease TGF-ß1 production. GLA-rich borage oil supplementation resulted in significantly decreased ex vivo monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production from PHA-or LPS-stimulated PBMC compared with baseline. It also significantly decreased cell surface expression of CD36+, CD54+ and CD62L+ on monocytes. In contrast, there was no association between LA-rich corn oil and these adhesion molecules and chemokines suggesting that GLA and/or its metabolites are affecting the chemokines and adhesion molecules studied. Overall, results of this study indicate that n-6 long chain PUFAs may have anti-inflammatory properties and might therefore be beneficial in multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Pinto, Eva"],"institution":"University of Greenwich","degree_name":"phd","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2007,"date_issued":"2007","date_published":"2007","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:25:36Z","subjects":["QD Chemistry","QH Natural history"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":null,"outbound_label":null,"outbound_source":null},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Pinto, Eva"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2007"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2007"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.commercial","label":"Dc Publisher Commercial","values":["University of Greenwich,"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["School of Science"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["University of Greenwich"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/6268/"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["phd"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["QD Chemistry","QH Natural history"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["In MS patients there was a significantly positive relationship between membrane AA and TGF-ß1 indicating that it is the individual long chain (LC) PUFA, i.e. AA that regulate the levels of TGF-ß1. Investigation of the effects of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs on normal healthy PBMC production of TGF-ß1 in vitro showed that PBMC in the presence of phytohaemaglutinin (PHA) supplemented with LA, dihyomo-?-linolenic (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (AA) significantly increase TGF-ß1 compared with non-supplemented PHA-stimulated PBMCs. In contrast, TGF-ß1 levels from PHA-stimulated PBMCs supplemented with a-linolenic (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were significantly decreased suggesting that n-6 fatty acids (LA, DGLA and AA) increase in vitro TGF-ß1 production by PHA-stimulated PBMCs and, in contrast, n-3 fatty acids (ALA, EPA and DHA) decrease TGF-ß1 production. GLA-rich borage oil supplementation resulted in significantly decreased ex vivo monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production from PHA-or LPS-stimulated PBMC compared with baseline. It also significantly decreased cell surface expression of CD36+, CD54+ and CD62L+ on monocytes. In contrast, there was no association between LA-rich corn oil and these adhesion molecules and chemokines suggesting that GLA and/or its metabolites are affecting the chemokines and adhesion molecules studied. Overall, results of this study indicate that n-6 long chain PUFAs may have anti-inflammatory properties and might therefore be beneficial in multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Polyunsaturated fatty acids and immune cell functions"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Pinto, Eva"],"dc:date":["2007"],"dc:date.issued":["2007"],"dc:description.abstract":["In MS patients there was a significantly positive relationship between membrane AA and TGF-ß1 indicating that it is the individual long chain (LC) PUFA, i.e. AA that regulate the levels of TGF-ß1. Investigation of the effects of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs on normal healthy PBMC production of TGF-ß1 in vitro showed that PBMC in the presence of phytohaemaglutinin (PHA) supplemented with LA, dihyomo-?-linolenic (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (AA) significantly increase TGF-ß1 compared with non-supplemented PHA-stimulated PBMCs. In contrast, TGF-ß1 levels from PHA-stimulated PBMCs supplemented with a-linolenic (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were significantly decreased suggesting that n-6 fatty acids (LA, DGLA and AA) increase in vitro TGF-ß1 production by PHA-stimulated PBMCs and, in contrast, n-3 fatty acids (ALA, EPA and DHA) decrease TGF-ß1 production. GLA-rich borage oil supplementation resulted in significantly decreased ex vivo monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production from PHA-or LPS-stimulated PBMC compared with baseline. It also significantly decreased cell surface expression of CD36+, CD54+ and CD62L+ on monocytes. In contrast, there was no association between LA-rich corn oil and these adhesion molecules and chemokines suggesting that GLA and/or its metabolites are affecting the chemokines and adhesion molecules studied. Overall, results of this study indicate that n-6 long chain PUFAs may have anti-inflammatory properties and might therefore be beneficial in multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases."],"dc:publisher.commercial":["University of Greenwich,"],"dc:publisher.department":["School of Science"],"dc:publisher.institution":["University of Greenwich"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/6268/"],"dc:subject":["QD Chemistry","QH Natural history"],"dc:title":["Polyunsaturated fatty acids and immune cell functions"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["doctoral"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["phd"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:25:36Z"}