Εκτίμηση ψυχικών, σωματικών και κοινωνικών προβλημάτων σε έφηβους αθλητές και μη αθλητές

Five hundred adolescents, 12-18 years old, were studied; 310 were athletes, members of sport clubs and 190 were not. All attended high school classes in the urban areas of Thessaloniki and Larissa. The aim of this study was to examine psychological, physical and social problems of adolescence and the relative differences between athletes and non-athletes. A series of questionnaires (social, psychological and medical history, Eysenck's personality questionnaire -EPQ) was filled by the adolescents using a positive or negative answer (yes/no) in most cases. Protocols were used for systemic clinical evaluation and physical examination, including measurements of weight, height, blood pressure, pulse and visual acuity, which were performed on separate occasions. The main results of the study are: 1) Participation in athletic activities seems to be influenced in a lesser degree nowadays by the socioeconomic status of the family. 2) Athletes have higher school performance, show greater interest in healthy nutrition and sexual behavior, attempt suicide less often, are more concerned about their height, are greater consumers of coffee, are frequently injured during exercise, have more often oral (mainly tooth-decay) and chest problems, mention frequent attacks of allergy, hepatitis and jauntice. Also they are taller, heavier and more mature (according to Tanner scales) and finally their pulse frequency is slower after exercise. 3) The more extravert adolescents prefer team sports, while the athletes of individual sports become more extravert through the process of exercise. 4) Athletes with less athletic experience mention frequently hearing problems, peptic ulcer and are found to have higher diastolic blood pressure. 5) The beginning and progression of puberty is not affected by athletic participation and experience. 6) Non-athletes daydream more, complain frequently for chest pain and have more frequently cardiovascular and spinal cord problems including scoliosis. 7) Among the adolescents of this study the presence of psychosomatic manifestations (fainting, headaches, vision problems etc) is strong. Additionally they are greatly concerned about their weight, their proper body stand and the healthy way of life. Although 15% have reduced visual acuity, only a small percentage wear glaces or contact lenses during exercise. In conclusion exercise places a significant role in the life of adolescents with obvious, in general, beneficial effects in their attitude and their problems. Some specific problems related to athletic activity, like injuries, as well as other problems that are observed in all adolescents, like the very frequently reduced visual acuity, and the need for education in a healthy way of life, deserve special care and attention.

Grantor dc:publisher

Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki (AUTH)

Year dc:date

1991

Authors dc:creator

• Skenteris, Nikolaos
• Σκεντέρης, Νικόλαος

• Αθλητής
• Έφηβοι
• Ψυχοκοινωνικά, σωματικά προβλήματα
• Adolescents
• Athlete
• Psychological, physical problems
• Ιατρική και Επιστήμες Υγείας
• Επιστήμες Υγείας
• Κοινωνικές Επιστήμες
• Ψυχολογία και Γνωσιακή Επιστήμη
• Medical and Health Sciences
• Health Sciences
• Social Sciences
• Psychology and Cognitive Sciences

Language dc:language

gre

Identifier

10.12681/eadd/1607

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:10442/1607