{"id":{"repo_id":"gatech","oai_identifier":"oai:repository.gatech.edu:1853/76797"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/gatech/oai:repository.gatech.edu:1853/76797","repository":{"repo_id":"gatech","name":"Georgia Tech","base_url":"https://repository.gatech.edu/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"High Fidelity Localization of Energy Autonomous mmIDS for Future Cyber-physical Systems","abstract":"The objective of the proposed research is to develop a novel 5G/mm-Wave-enabled mmID systems for next generation localized sensing systems building the framework for next-generation cyber-physical systems. In order to realize these future CPSs, the mmIDs used to form these systems need to be highly manufacturable, operate energy autonomously, have compact form factor, provide long-reading ranges with orientation-agnostic operation, and be able to be localized accurately to create a detailed CPS of an environment. Three specific topologies of backscatter tags operating in this 5G/mmWave bands are presented. The first technology presented is a chipless cross-polarized reflectarray wireless strain sensor presenting the first every off-axis structural health monitoring fully-passive sensor for local strain monitoring for both adhered or embedded form-factors. Along with the design and characterization of the wireless strain sensor, a multi-tag interrogation framework is presented for future ubiquitous structure health monitoring CPSs. The next technology is the first-ever retro-directive harmonic mmID comprised of dual Rotman lenses and a fully-passive frequency doubler circuit. The mmID is interrogated with a proof-of-concept harmonic frequency modulated continuous wave radar providing accurate long range ranging of the energy autonomous tag as well as sub-mm accuracy at medium range of the radar. The mmID is envisioned to provide ultra-long range operation future localized sensing and tracking applications up to multiple kilometers. The last technology builds on the previous two by combining a 3D lens with a backscattering RF ‘pixel’ array forming a camera-inspired semi-passive mmID. Two designs consisting of a single lens-based mmID and a multi-lens based mmID. The multi-lens mmID in particular combines both optical lens system design and mmWave antenna design to form a highly detectable mmID with a large solid angle of coverage in the top hemisphere of the mmID. The interrogation of the multi-lens-based mmID was conducted at long ranges and localized accurately even at highly oblique angles of interrogation. The work presented in this thesis present a step forward the creation of future 5G/mmWave-enabled mmID-based CPSs.","abstract_html":"The objective of the proposed research is to develop a novel 5G/mm-Wave-enabled mmID systems for next generation localized sensing systems building the framework for next-generation cyber-physical systems. In order to realize these future CPSs, the mmIDs used to form these systems need to be highly manufacturable, operate energy autonomously, have compact form factor, provide long-reading ranges with orientation-agnostic operation, and be able to be localized accurately to create a detailed CPS of an environment. Three specific topologies of backscatter tags operating in this 5G/mmWave bands are presented. The first technology presented is a chipless cross-polarized reflectarray wireless strain sensor presenting the first every off-axis structural health monitoring fully-passive sensor for local strain monitoring for both adhered or embedded form-factors. Along with the design and characterization of the wireless strain sensor, a multi-tag interrogation framework is presented for future ubiquitous structure health monitoring CPSs. The next technology is the first-ever retro-directive harmonic mmID comprised of dual Rotman lenses and a fully-passive frequency doubler circuit. The mmID is interrogated with a proof-of-concept harmonic frequency modulated continuous wave radar providing accurate long range ranging of the energy autonomous tag as well as sub-mm accuracy at medium range of the radar. The mmID is envisioned to provide ultra-long range operation future localized sensing and tracking applications up to multiple kilometers. The last technology builds on the previous two by combining a 3D lens with a backscattering RF ‘pixel’ array forming a camera-inspired semi-passive mmID. Two designs consisting of a single lens-based mmID and a multi-lens based mmID. The multi-lens mmID in particular combines both optical lens system design and mmWave antenna design to form a highly detectable mmID with a large solid angle of coverage in the top hemisphere of the mmID. The interrogation of the multi-lens-based mmID was conducted at long ranges and localized accurately even at highly oblique angles of interrogation. The work presented in this thesis present a step forward the creation of future 5G/mmWave-enabled mmID-based CPSs.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Lynch, Charles Arthur"],"institution":"Georgia Institute of Technology","degree_name":null,"degree_level":"Doctoral","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":"Electrical and Computer Engineering","school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Tentzeris, Emmanouil M."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":["Durgin, Greg","Ghalichechian, Nima","Hester, Jimmy","Cressler, John","Sitaraman, Suresh"],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-12-08","date_published":"2023-12-08","updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:50:08Z","subjects":["retro-directive mmIDs","long-range","energy autonomous","localization"],"languages":["en_US"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1853/76797","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Tentzeris, Emmanouil M."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Durgin, Greg","Ghalichechian, Nima","Hester, Jimmy","Cressler, John","Sitaraman, Suresh"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.department","label":"Department","values":["Electrical and Computer Engineering"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Lynch, Charles Arthur"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2025-01-15T13:38:30Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2025-01-15T13:38:30Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2023-12-08"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Georgia Institute of Technology"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Text"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Doctoral"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["retro-directive mmIDs","long-range","energy autonomous","localization"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/1853/76797"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The objective of the proposed research is to develop a novel 5G/mm-Wave-enabled mmID systems for next generation localized sensing systems building the framework for next-generation cyber-physical systems. In order to realize these future CPSs, the mmIDs used to form these systems need to be highly manufacturable, operate energy autonomously, have compact form factor, provide long-reading ranges with orientation-agnostic operation, and be able to be localized accurately to create a detailed CPS of an environment. Three specific topologies of backscatter tags operating in this 5G/mmWave bands are presented. The first technology presented is a chipless cross-polarized reflectarray wireless strain sensor presenting the first every off-axis structural health monitoring fully-passive sensor for local strain monitoring for both adhered or embedded form-factors. Along with the design and characterization of the wireless strain sensor, a multi-tag interrogation framework is presented for future ubiquitous structure health monitoring CPSs. The next technology is the first-ever retro-directive harmonic mmID comprised of dual Rotman lenses and a fully-passive frequency doubler circuit. The mmID is interrogated with a proof-of-concept harmonic frequency modulated continuous wave radar providing accurate long range ranging of the energy autonomous tag as well as sub-mm accuracy at medium range of the radar. The mmID is envisioned to provide ultra-long range operation future localized sensing and tracking applications up to multiple kilometers. The last technology builds on the previous two by combining a 3D lens with a backscattering RF ‘pixel’ array forming a camera-inspired semi-passive mmID. Two designs consisting of a single lens-based mmID and a multi-lens based mmID. The multi-lens mmID in particular combines both optical lens system design and mmWave antenna design to form a highly detectable mmID with a large solid angle of coverage in the top hemisphere of the mmID. The interrogation of the multi-lens-based mmID was conducted at long ranges and localized accurately even at highly oblique angles of interrogation. The work presented in this thesis present a step forward the creation of future 5G/mmWave-enabled mmID-based CPSs."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["High Fidelity Localization of Energy Autonomous mmIDS for Future Cyber-physical Systems"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Tentzeris, Emmanouil M."],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Durgin, Greg","Ghalichechian, Nima","Hester, Jimmy","Cressler, John","Sitaraman, Suresh"],"dc:contributor.department":["Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"dc:creator":["Lynch, Charles Arthur"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2025-01-15T13:38:30Z"],"dc:date.available":["2025-01-15T13:38:30Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2023-12-08"],"dc:description.abstract":["The objective of the proposed research is to develop a novel 5G/mm-Wave-enabled mmID systems for next generation localized sensing systems building the framework for next-generation cyber-physical systems. In order to realize these future CPSs, the mmIDs used to form these systems need to be highly manufacturable, operate energy autonomously, have compact form factor, provide long-reading ranges with orientation-agnostic operation, and be able to be localized accurately to create a detailed CPS of an environment. Three specific topologies of backscatter tags operating in this 5G/mmWave bands are presented. The first technology presented is a chipless cross-polarized reflectarray wireless strain sensor presenting the first every off-axis structural health monitoring fully-passive sensor for local strain monitoring for both adhered or embedded form-factors. Along with the design and characterization of the wireless strain sensor, a multi-tag interrogation framework is presented for future ubiquitous structure health monitoring CPSs. The next technology is the first-ever retro-directive harmonic mmID comprised of dual Rotman lenses and a fully-passive frequency doubler circuit. The mmID is interrogated with a proof-of-concept harmonic frequency modulated continuous wave radar providing accurate long range ranging of the energy autonomous tag as well as sub-mm accuracy at medium range of the radar. The mmID is envisioned to provide ultra-long range operation future localized sensing and tracking applications up to multiple kilometers. The last technology builds on the previous two by combining a 3D lens with a backscattering RF ‘pixel’ array forming a camera-inspired semi-passive mmID. Two designs consisting of a single lens-based mmID and a multi-lens based mmID. The multi-lens mmID in particular combines both optical lens system design and mmWave antenna design to form a highly detectable mmID with a large solid angle of coverage in the top hemisphere of the mmID. The interrogation of the multi-lens-based mmID was conducted at long ranges and localized accurately even at highly oblique angles of interrogation. The work presented in this thesis present a step forward the creation of future 5G/mmWave-enabled mmID-based CPSs."],"dc:description.degree":["Ph.D."],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/1853/76797"],"dc:language.iso":["en_US"],"dc:publisher":["Georgia Institute of Technology"],"dc:subject":["retro-directive mmIDs","long-range","energy autonomous","localization"],"dc:title":["High Fidelity Localization of Energy Autonomous mmIDS for Future Cyber-physical Systems"],"dc:type":["Text"],"thesis:degree_level":["Doctoral"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:50:08Z"}