Iron is the 4th most abundant metal on the earth's crust and is required by most organisms as a cofactor for many enzymes; however, at physiological pH and aerobic conditions iron forms insoluble ferric oxyhydroxide polymers. Siderophores are low molecular weight compounds that scavenge ferric ions, bind with high affinity, and transport it into the cell via multicomponent transport systems. Rhizobia are soil dwelling organisms that form symbiotic relationships with host plants and fix atmospheric nitrogen, while the bacteria receive nutrients. R. leguminosarum IARI 917 produces a siderophore characterized as 'schizokinen'. In the present study, we have characterized the binding and transport kinetics of 'schizokinen' and have also attempted to identify the genes involved in its biosynthesis using mini Tn5 random mutagenesis. DNA sequence analysis of a non siderophore producing transconjugant revealed a gene involved in PAC/PAS signal transduction systems that respond to many extracellular cues.
","abstract_html":"<p>Iron is the 4th most abundant metal on the earth's crust and is required by most organisms as a cofactor for many enzymes; however, at physiological pH and aerobic conditions iron forms insoluble ferric oxyhydroxide polymers. Siderophores are low molecular weight compounds that scavenge ferric ions, bind with high affinity, and transport it into the cell via multicomponent transport systems. <em>Rhizobia</em> are soil dwelling organisms that form symbiotic relationships with host plants and fix atmospheric nitrogen, while the bacteria receive nutrients. <em>R. leguminosarum</em> IARI 917 produces a siderophore characterized as 'schizokinen'. In the present study, we have characterized the binding and transport kinetics of 'schizokinen' and have also attempted to identify the genes involved in its biosynthesis using mini Tn5 random mutagenesis. DNA sequence analysis of a non siderophore producing transconjugant revealed a gene involved in PAC/PAS signal transduction systems that respond to many extracellular cues.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Hammond, David Jack"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"MS (Master of Science)","degree_level":"Thesis - unrestricted","degree_discipline":"Biology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2008,"date_issued":"2008-12-13T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2008-12-13T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:21:11Z","subjects":["Rhizobia","siderophore","schizokinen","Chemical Actions and Uses","Chemicals and Drugs","Medicine and Health Sciences"],"languages":[],"rights":["Copyright by the authors."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2001","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Hammond, David Jack"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2008-12-13T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Biology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis - unrestricted"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["MS (Master of Science)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Rhizobia","siderophore","schizokinen","Chemical Actions and Uses","Chemicals and Drugs","Medicine and Health Sciences"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright by the authors."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/3353/viewcontent/HammondD120608f.pdf","https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2001"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Iron is the 4th most abundant metal on the earth's crust and is required by most organisms as a cofactor for many enzymes; however, at physiological pH and aerobic conditions iron forms insoluble ferric oxyhydroxide polymers. Siderophores are low molecular weight compounds that scavenge ferric ions, bind with high affinity, and transport it into the cell via multicomponent transport systems. Rhizobia are soil dwelling organisms that form symbiotic relationships with host plants and fix atmospheric nitrogen, while the bacteria receive nutrients. R. leguminosarum IARI 917 produces a siderophore characterized as 'schizokinen'. In the present study, we have characterized the binding and transport kinetics of 'schizokinen' and have also attempted to identify the genes involved in its biosynthesis using mini Tn5 random mutagenesis. DNA sequence analysis of a non siderophore producing transconjugant revealed a gene involved in PAC/PAS signal transduction systems that respond to many extracellular cues.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Characterization of the Genes Involved in Biosynthesis and Transport of Schizokinen, a Siderophore Produced by Rhizobium leguminosarum IARI 917."]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Hammond, David Jack"],"dc:date.issued":["2008-12-13T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Iron is the 4th most abundant metal on the earth's crust and is required by most organisms as a cofactor for many enzymes; however, at physiological pH and aerobic conditions iron forms insoluble ferric oxyhydroxide polymers. Siderophores are low molecular weight compounds that scavenge ferric ions, bind with high affinity, and transport it into the cell via multicomponent transport systems. Rhizobia are soil dwelling organisms that form symbiotic relationships with host plants and fix atmospheric nitrogen, while the bacteria receive nutrients. R. leguminosarum IARI 917 produces a siderophore characterized as 'schizokinen'. In the present study, we have characterized the binding and transport kinetics of 'schizokinen' and have also attempted to identify the genes involved in its biosynthesis using mini Tn5 random mutagenesis. DNA sequence analysis of a non siderophore producing transconjugant revealed a gene involved in PAC/PAS signal transduction systems that respond to many extracellular cues.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/3353/viewcontent/HammondD120608f.pdf","https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2001"],"dc:rights":["Copyright by the authors."],"dc:subject":["Rhizobia","siderophore","schizokinen","Chemical Actions and Uses","Chemicals and Drugs","Medicine and Health Sciences"],"dc:title":["Characterization of the Genes Involved in Biosynthesis and Transport of Schizokinen, a Siderophore Produced by Rhizobium leguminosarum IARI 917."],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - unrestricted"],"thesis:degree_name":["MS (Master of Science)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:21:11Z"}