Researchers at the GFS, Washington County, Tennessee through the wet screening of nearly 100%of the sediment excavated at the site, recovered an extensive collection of anuran fossil elements. Until recently, these specimens have not been analyzed. The purpose here is the examination, description, and identification of all non-ranid anuran (frogsand toads) material using the following elements: ilium, urostyle, maxilla, frontoparietal, and last sacral vertebra. Anurans identified include Scaphiopus wardorum(extinct spadefoot toad), Bufo terrestris(southern toad), B. cf. B. marinus(giant neotropical toad), three morphotypes of Hyla(tree frogs), and Pseudacris cf. P. brachyphona(mountain chorus frog). Occurrence of these Anura support a paleoecological environment described as warm, moist, and wooded.
","abstract_html":"<p>Researchers at the GFS, Washington County, Tennessee through the wet screening of nearly 100%of the sediment excavated at the site, recovered an extensive collection of anuran fossil elements. Until recently, these specimens have not been analyzed. The purpose here is the examination, description, and identification of all non-ranid anuran (frogsand toads) material using the following elements: ilium, urostyle, maxilla, frontoparietal, and last sacral vertebra. Anurans identified include <i>Scaphiopus wardorum</i>(extinct spadefoot toad), <i>Bufo terrestris</i>(southern toad), <i>B.</i> cf. <i>B. marinus</i>(giant neotropical toad), three morphotypes of <i>Hyla</i>(tree frogs), and <i>Pseudacris</i> cf. <i>P. brachyphona</i>(mountain chorus frog). Occurrence of these Anura support a paleoecological environment described as warm, moist, and wooded.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Schattauer, Sarah Ann"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"MS (Master of Science)","degree_level":"Thesis - restricted","degree_discipline":"Geosciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012-08-15T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2012-08-15T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:20:31Z","subjects":["Bufo","Hemphillian","Paleoecology","Hyla","Pseudacris","Scaphiopus","Gray Fossil Site","Earth Sciences","Paleontology","Physical Sciences and Mathematics"],"languages":[],"rights":["Copyright by the authors."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1454","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Schattauer, Sarah Ann"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2012-08-15T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Geosciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis - restricted"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["MS (Master of Science)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Bufo","Hemphillian","Paleoecology","Hyla","Pseudacris","Scaphiopus","Gray Fossil Site","Earth Sciences","Paleontology","Physical Sciences and Mathematics"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright by the authors."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/2647/viewcontent/SchattauerS053112f.pdf","https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1454"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Researchers at the GFS, Washington County, Tennessee through the wet screening of nearly 100%of the sediment excavated at the site, recovered an extensive collection of anuran fossil elements. Until recently, these specimens have not been analyzed. The purpose here is the examination, description, and identification of all non-ranid anuran (frogsand toads) material using the following elements: ilium, urostyle, maxilla, frontoparietal, and last sacral vertebra. Anurans identified include Scaphiopus wardorum(extinct spadefoot toad), Bufo terrestris(southern toad), B. cf. B. marinus(giant neotropical toad), three morphotypes of Hyla(tree frogs), and Pseudacris cf. P. brachyphona(mountain chorus frog). Occurrence of these Anura support a paleoecological environment described as warm, moist, and wooded.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Non-Ranid Anurans of the Mio-Pliocene Gray Fossil Site, Tennessee"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Schattauer, Sarah Ann"],"dc:date.issued":["2012-08-15T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Researchers at the GFS, Washington County, Tennessee through the wet screening of nearly 100%of the sediment excavated at the site, recovered an extensive collection of anuran fossil elements. Until recently, these specimens have not been analyzed. The purpose here is the examination, description, and identification of all non-ranid anuran (frogsand toads) material using the following elements: ilium, urostyle, maxilla, frontoparietal, and last sacral vertebra. Anurans identified include Scaphiopus wardorum(extinct spadefoot toad), Bufo terrestris(southern toad), B. cf. B. marinus(giant neotropical toad), three morphotypes of Hyla(tree frogs), and Pseudacris cf. P. brachyphona(mountain chorus frog). Occurrence of these Anura support a paleoecological environment described as warm, moist, and wooded.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/2647/viewcontent/SchattauerS053112f.pdf","https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1454"],"dc:rights":["Copyright by the authors."],"dc:subject":["Bufo","Hemphillian","Paleoecology","Hyla","Pseudacris","Scaphiopus","Gray Fossil Site","Earth Sciences","Paleontology","Physical Sciences and Mathematics"],"dc:title":["Non-Ranid Anurans of the Mio-Pliocene Gray Fossil Site, Tennessee"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Geosciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - restricted"],"thesis:degree_name":["MS (Master of Science)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:20:31Z"}