Southern Appalachian Phalaris arundinacea control was investigated by: 1) correlating cover and species richness with soil characteristics across transects; 2) burning and herbicide use to determine conditions facilitating native plant establishment; and 3) hemi-parasitic Pedicularis lanceolata tested as a biological control.
Phalaris cover was correlated with subsoil consolidation; areas without Phalaris had consolidated subsoil while Phalaris at >50% cover established on loose soil. Phalaris cover inhibited species richness (r2=0.78). No soil characteristic predicted species richness.
Herbicide reduced Phalaris cover and aerial biomass by 23% and 63% respectively, compared to controls. Burning was ineffective. Two summers after herbicide Phalaris subterranean biomass remained 32% less than control biomass. Monocot transplants established readily following herbicide but dicot transplants were less likely to survive.
Pedicularis parasitized Phalaris. Pedicularis’ effect on a mixed species total (r2=0.735) was non-linear; implying greater effect on large plants. Non-parasitic native plant species competition reduced biomass of Phalaris by 40%.
","abstract_html":"<p>Southern Appalachian <em>Phalaris arundinacea</em> control was investigated by: 1) correlating cover and species richness with soil characteristics across transects; 2) burning and herbicide use to determine conditions facilitating native plant establishment; and 3) hemi-parasitic <em>Pedicularis lanceolata</em> tested as a biological control.</p> <p><em>Phalaris</em> cover was correlated with subsoil consolidation; areas without <em>Phalaris</em> had consolidated subsoil while <em>Phalaris</em> at >50% cover established on loose soil. <em>Phalaris</em> cover inhibited species richness (r<sup>2</sup>=0.78). No soil characteristic predicted species richness.</p> <p>Herbicide reduced <em>Phalaris</em> cover and aerial biomass by 23% and 63% respectively, compared to controls. Burning was ineffective. Two summers after herbicide <em>Phalaris</em> subterranean biomass remained 32% less than control biomass. Monocot transplants established readily following herbicide but dicot transplants were less likely to survive.</p> <p><em>Pedicularis</em> parasitized <em>Phalaris</em>. <em>Pedicularis</em>’ effect on a mixed species total (r<sup>2</sup>=0.735) was non-linear; implying greater effect on large plants. Non-parasitic native plant species competition reduced biomass of <em>Phalaris</em> by 40%.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Foster, Richard Douglas"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"MS (Master of Science)","degree_level":"Thesis - unrestricted","degree_discipline":"Biology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2003,"date_issued":"2003-05-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2003-05-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:19:28Z","subjects":["wetland restoration","biological control","invasive species","Pedicularis lanceolata","Phalaris arundinacea","soil conditions","controlled burn","hemiparasitism","Biology","Life Sciences"],"languages":[],"rights":["Copyright by the authors."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/773","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Foster, Richard Douglas"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["1990-01-01T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2003-05-01T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Biology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis - unrestricted"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["MS (Master of Science)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["wetland restoration","biological control","invasive species","Pedicularis lanceolata","Phalaris arundinacea","soil conditions","controlled burn","hemiparasitism","Biology","Life Sciences"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright by the authors."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/1930/viewcontent/FosterR04162003f.pdf","https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/773"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Southern Appalachian Phalaris arundinacea control was investigated by: 1) correlating cover and species richness with soil characteristics across transects; 2) burning and herbicide use to determine conditions facilitating native plant establishment; and 3) hemi-parasitic Pedicularis lanceolata tested as a biological control.
Phalaris cover was correlated with subsoil consolidation; areas without Phalaris had consolidated subsoil while Phalaris at >50% cover established on loose soil. Phalaris cover inhibited species richness (r2=0.78). No soil characteristic predicted species richness.
Herbicide reduced Phalaris cover and aerial biomass by 23% and 63% respectively, compared to controls. Burning was ineffective. Two summers after herbicide Phalaris subterranean biomass remained 32% less than control biomass. Monocot transplants established readily following herbicide but dicot transplants were less likely to survive.
Pedicularis parasitized Phalaris. Pedicularis’ effect on a mixed species total (r2=0.735) was non-linear; implying greater effect on large plants. Non-parasitic native plant species competition reduced biomass of Phalaris by 40%.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Fire, Soil, Native Species and Control of Phalaris arundinacea in a Wetland Recovery Project."]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Foster, Richard Douglas"],"dc:date.available":["1990-01-01T08:00:00Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2003-05-01T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Southern Appalachian Phalaris arundinacea control was investigated by: 1) correlating cover and species richness with soil characteristics across transects; 2) burning and herbicide use to determine conditions facilitating native plant establishment; and 3) hemi-parasitic Pedicularis lanceolata tested as a biological control.
Phalaris cover was correlated with subsoil consolidation; areas without Phalaris had consolidated subsoil while Phalaris at >50% cover established on loose soil. Phalaris cover inhibited species richness (r2=0.78). No soil characteristic predicted species richness.
Herbicide reduced Phalaris cover and aerial biomass by 23% and 63% respectively, compared to controls. Burning was ineffective. Two summers after herbicide Phalaris subterranean biomass remained 32% less than control biomass. Monocot transplants established readily following herbicide but dicot transplants were less likely to survive.
Pedicularis parasitized Phalaris. Pedicularis’ effect on a mixed species total (r2=0.735) was non-linear; implying greater effect on large plants. Non-parasitic native plant species competition reduced biomass of Phalaris by 40%.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://dc.etsu.edu/context/etd/article/1930/viewcontent/FosterR04162003f.pdf","https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/773"],"dc:rights":["Copyright by the authors."],"dc:subject":["wetland restoration","biological control","invasive species","Pedicularis lanceolata","Phalaris arundinacea","soil conditions","controlled burn","hemiparasitism","Biology","Life Sciences"],"dc:title":["Fire, Soil, Native Species and Control of Phalaris arundinacea in a Wetland Recovery Project."],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - unrestricted"],"thesis:degree_name":["MS (Master of Science)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:19:28Z"}