Lithium-ion batteries are widely used as electric power sources for smartphones, tablets, laptops, e-scooters, unmanned aerial vehicles, aircraft, electric vehicles, airport equipment, and numerous other transportable electronic devices. When these types of batteries get excessively loaded, damage can occur. To study the effects of excessive damage, lithium-ion battery modules with prismatic cells were subjected to destructive quasi-static indentation using a V-shaped stainless steel wedge indenter at different loading orientations, directions, and rates. The modules were discharged to a very low state of charge prior to testing. Force and voltage were measured as a function of displacement to monitor the damaging effects on electrical performance. Progression of damage to the modules was photographed and recorded. Results differed substantially depending on loading orientation and direction. In many cases, voltage dropped quickly as the wedge damaged the cells. Since batteries get damaged when excessively loaded, protective structures for lithium-ion batteries were explored. It is known that fiber metal laminates show excellent weight specific mechanical properties and damage tolerance but are difficult to fabricate into complex curved shapes as needed for most battery protection applications. Textile based methods such as weaving, braiding, and knitting are established ways of producing flexible articles from filaments, tows, strips, etc. Here, these techniques are applied to create an alternative form of fiber metal laminate with better shape ability. Mechanical properties are measured and compared to other FML results.
","abstract_html":"<p>Lithium-ion batteries are widely used as electric power sources for smartphones, tablets, laptops, e-scooters, unmanned aerial vehicles, aircraft, electric vehicles, airport equipment, and numerous other transportable electronic devices. When these types of batteries get excessively loaded, damage can occur. To study the effects of excessive damage, lithium-ion battery modules with prismatic cells were subjected to destructive quasi-static indentation using a V-shaped stainless steel wedge indenter at different loading orientations, directions, and rates. The modules were discharged to a very low state of charge prior to testing. Force and voltage were measured as a function of displacement to monitor the damaging effects on electrical performance. Progression of damage to the modules was photographed and recorded. Results differed substantially depending on loading orientation and direction. In many cases, voltage dropped quickly as the wedge damaged the cells. Since batteries get damaged when excessively loaded, protective structures for lithium-ion batteries were explored. It is known that fiber metal laminates show excellent weight specific mechanical properties and damage tolerance but are difficult to fabricate into complex curved shapes as needed for most battery protection applications. Textile based methods such as weaving, braiding, and knitting are established ways of producing flexible articles from filaments, tows, strips, etc. Here, these techniques are applied to create an alternative form of fiber metal laminate with better shape ability. Mechanical properties are measured and compared to other FML results.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Xu, Sida"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science in Aerospace Engineering","degree_level":"Thesis - Open Access","degree_discipline":"Aerospace Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2024,"date_issued":"2024-04-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2024-04-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:26:16Z","subjects":["LIB","Li-ion","Battery","WFML","Fiber Metal Laminate","Tensile","GLARE","Continuous Fiber","Structures and Materials"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://commons.erau.edu/edt/807","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Xu, Sida"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2024-11-01T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Aerospace Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis - Open Access"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science in Aerospace Engineering"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["LIB","Li-ion","Battery","WFML","Fiber Metal Laminate","Tensile","GLARE","Continuous Fiber","Structures and Materials"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://commons.erau.edu/edt/807"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Lithium-ion batteries are widely used as electric power sources for smartphones, tablets, laptops, e-scooters, unmanned aerial vehicles, aircraft, electric vehicles, airport equipment, and numerous other transportable electronic devices. When these types of batteries get excessively loaded, damage can occur. To study the effects of excessive damage, lithium-ion battery modules with prismatic cells were subjected to destructive quasi-static indentation using a V-shaped stainless steel wedge indenter at different loading orientations, directions, and rates. The modules were discharged to a very low state of charge prior to testing. Force and voltage were measured as a function of displacement to monitor the damaging effects on electrical performance. Progression of damage to the modules was photographed and recorded. Results differed substantially depending on loading orientation and direction. In many cases, voltage dropped quickly as the wedge damaged the cells. Since batteries get damaged when excessively loaded, protective structures for lithium-ion batteries were explored. It is known that fiber metal laminates show excellent weight specific mechanical properties and damage tolerance but are difficult to fabricate into complex curved shapes as needed for most battery protection applications. Textile based methods such as weaving, braiding, and knitting are established ways of producing flexible articles from filaments, tows, strips, etc. Here, these techniques are applied to create an alternative form of fiber metal laminate with better shape ability. Mechanical properties are measured and compared to other FML results.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Indentation Protection of Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Woven Fiber Metal Laminates"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Xu, Sida"],"dc:date.available":["2024-11-01T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Lithium-ion batteries are widely used as electric power sources for smartphones, tablets, laptops, e-scooters, unmanned aerial vehicles, aircraft, electric vehicles, airport equipment, and numerous other transportable electronic devices. When these types of batteries get excessively loaded, damage can occur. To study the effects of excessive damage, lithium-ion battery modules with prismatic cells were subjected to destructive quasi-static indentation using a V-shaped stainless steel wedge indenter at different loading orientations, directions, and rates. The modules were discharged to a very low state of charge prior to testing. Force and voltage were measured as a function of displacement to monitor the damaging effects on electrical performance. Progression of damage to the modules was photographed and recorded. Results differed substantially depending on loading orientation and direction. In many cases, voltage dropped quickly as the wedge damaged the cells. Since batteries get damaged when excessively loaded, protective structures for lithium-ion batteries were explored. It is known that fiber metal laminates show excellent weight specific mechanical properties and damage tolerance but are difficult to fabricate into complex curved shapes as needed for most battery protection applications. Textile based methods such as weaving, braiding, and knitting are established ways of producing flexible articles from filaments, tows, strips, etc. Here, these techniques are applied to create an alternative form of fiber metal laminate with better shape ability. Mechanical properties are measured and compared to other FML results.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://commons.erau.edu/edt/807"],"dc:subject":["LIB","Li-ion","Battery","WFML","Fiber Metal Laminate","Tensile","GLARE","Continuous Fiber","Structures and Materials"],"dc:title":["Indentation Protection of Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Woven Fiber Metal Laminates"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Aerospace Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - Open Access"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in Aerospace Engineering"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:26:16Z"}