This study investigated the most effective method of numeric data entry, by means of a numeric keypad. The methods of numeric data entry were (a) two keypads with different numerical configurations, (b) two keypads with identical numerical configurations, and (c) one keypad with only a single numerical configuration. The two configurations utilized were the telephone and the calculator. An experimental design, with focus on the post-test only control group, was utilized. Sixty randomly selected students from the population attending Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University were assigned to five experimental groups.
The results indicated no significant differences: (a) for the number of errors and the time required for entry, between the single and double numerical configurations, and (b) between the single numerical configurations. However, even though there was no statistical support, the double configuration of the calculator and telephone had the highest occurrence of errors, and there was some evidence that the single configuration of the calculator was most efficient of all the tested keypads.
","abstract_html":"<p>This study investigated the most effective method of numeric data entry, by means of a numeric keypad. The methods of numeric data entry were (a) two keypads with different numerical configurations, (b) two keypads with identical numerical configurations, and (c) one keypad with only a single numerical configuration. The two configurations utilized were the telephone and the calculator. An experimental design, with focus on the post-test only control group, was utilized. Sixty randomly selected students from the population attending Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University were assigned to five experimental groups.</p> <p>The results indicated no significant differences: (a) for the number of errors and the time required for entry, between the single and double numerical configurations, and (b) between the single numerical configurations. However, even though there was no statistical support, the double configuration of the calculator and telephone had the highest occurrence of errors, and there was some evidence that the single configuration of the calculator was most efficient of all the tested keypads.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Lowe, Tricia S."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Aeronautical Science","degree_level":"Thesis - Open Access","degree_discipline":"Aeronautical Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Daniel J. Garland","John Deaton","Richard S. Gibson"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1996,"date_issued":"1996-10-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"1996-10-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:25:23Z","subjects":["numeric","keyboard","layouts","ergonomic","Ergonomics"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://commons.erau.edu/db-theses/126","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Daniel J. Garland","John Deaton","Richard S. Gibson"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Lowe, Tricia S."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Aeronautical Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis - Open Access"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Aeronautical Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["numeric","keyboard","layouts","ergonomic","Ergonomics"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://commons.erau.edu/db-theses/126"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["This study investigated the most effective method of numeric data entry, by means of a numeric keypad. The methods of numeric data entry were (a) two keypads with different numerical configurations, (b) two keypads with identical numerical configurations, and (c) one keypad with only a single numerical configuration. The two configurations utilized were the telephone and the calculator. An experimental design, with focus on the post-test only control group, was utilized. Sixty randomly selected students from the population attending Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University were assigned to five experimental groups.
The results indicated no significant differences: (a) for the number of errors and the time required for entry, between the single and double numerical configurations, and (b) between the single numerical configurations. However, even though there was no statistical support, the double configuration of the calculator and telephone had the highest occurrence of errors, and there was some evidence that the single configuration of the calculator was most efficient of all the tested keypads.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Numeric Keyboard Layouts: An Ergonomic Approach"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Daniel J. Garland","John Deaton","Richard S. Gibson"],"dc:creator":["Lowe, Tricia S."],"dc:description.abstract":["This study investigated the most effective method of numeric data entry, by means of a numeric keypad. The methods of numeric data entry were (a) two keypads with different numerical configurations, (b) two keypads with identical numerical configurations, and (c) one keypad with only a single numerical configuration. The two configurations utilized were the telephone and the calculator. An experimental design, with focus on the post-test only control group, was utilized. Sixty randomly selected students from the population attending Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University were assigned to five experimental groups.
The results indicated no significant differences: (a) for the number of errors and the time required for entry, between the single and double numerical configurations, and (b) between the single numerical configurations. However, even though there was no statistical support, the double configuration of the calculator and telephone had the highest occurrence of errors, and there was some evidence that the single configuration of the calculator was most efficient of all the tested keypads.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://commons.erau.edu/db-theses/126"],"dc:subject":["numeric","keyboard","layouts","ergonomic","Ergonomics"],"dc:title":["Numeric Keyboard Layouts: An Ergonomic Approach"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Aeronautical Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis - Open Access"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Aeronautical Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:25:23Z"}