Routine clinical supervision is among the licensure expectations for the counseling profession, yet the connections of this tradition to evidence-based practices and client outcomes remain unclear. The utilization of feedback informed treatment (FIT) data in supervision represents a means to monitor treatment effectiveness and incorporate an evidence-based practice in supervision, but prior research has suggested that the adoption of FIT in practice is rare. The purpose of this study was to identify and clarify factors associated with the utilization of FIT data in the supervision of provisionally licensed counselors. An explanatory sequential mixed methods study design was used to explore what and how factors are related to supervisors’ use of FIT data in supervision. In the first phase of the study exploring demographic, practice setting, and attitudinal factors, surveys were completed by 50 supervisors. In a second phase of the study, interviews were completed with 16 supervisors to clarify how factors are related to the use of FIT data in supervision. Results suggested that the use of FIT data in supervision is also rare but was more likely among supervisors who previously or currently work in community mental health centers. Attitudes towards the use of FIT data in supervision were favorable even among non-users, but barriers to use such as practical burdens and questions about validity of data were concerns for some supervisors. Findings indicated potential for expanded use of FIT data in supervision if future implementation accommodates supervisor expectations.
","abstract_html":"<p>Routine clinical supervision is among the licensure expectations for the counseling profession, yet the connections of this tradition to evidence-based practices and client outcomes remain unclear. The utilization of feedback informed treatment (FIT) data in supervision represents a means to monitor treatment effectiveness and incorporate an evidence-based practice in supervision, but prior research has suggested that the adoption of FIT in practice is rare. The purpose of this study was to identify and clarify factors associated with the utilization of FIT data in the supervision of provisionally licensed counselors. An explanatory sequential mixed methods study design was used to explore what and how factors are related to supervisors’ use of FIT data in supervision. In the first phase of the study exploring demographic, practice setting, and attitudinal factors, surveys were completed by 50 supervisors. In a second phase of the study, interviews were completed with 16 supervisors to clarify how factors are related to the use of FIT data in supervision. Results suggested that the use of FIT data in supervision is also rare but was more likely among supervisors who previously or currently work in community mental health centers. Attitudes towards the use of FIT data in supervision were favorable even among non-users, but barriers to use such as practical burdens and questions about validity of data were concerns for some supervisors. Findings indicated potential for expanded use of FIT data in supervision if future implementation accommodates supervisor expectations. </p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Lewis, Michael Patrick"],"institution":"Eastern Kentucky University","degree_name":"Doctor of Education (EdD)","degree_level":"Doctoral's","degree_discipline":"Counseling and Educational Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2020,"date_issued":"2020-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2020-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:15:53Z","subjects":["Counseling","Feedback-Informed Treatment","Implementation Science","Mixed methods","Supervision","Performance Management"],"languages":[],"rights":["Copyright 2020 Michael Patrick Lewis"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://encompass.eku.edu/etd/664","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Lewis, Michael Patrick"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Encompass Digital Archive, Eastern Kentucky University"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Counseling and Educational Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Doctoral's"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Education (EdD)"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Eastern Kentucky University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Counseling","Feedback-Informed Treatment","Implementation Science","Mixed methods","Supervision","Performance Management"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright 2020 Michael Patrick Lewis"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://encompass.eku.edu/etd/664"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Routine clinical supervision is among the licensure expectations for the counseling profession, yet the connections of this tradition to evidence-based practices and client outcomes remain unclear. The utilization of feedback informed treatment (FIT) data in supervision represents a means to monitor treatment effectiveness and incorporate an evidence-based practice in supervision, but prior research has suggested that the adoption of FIT in practice is rare. The purpose of this study was to identify and clarify factors associated with the utilization of FIT data in the supervision of provisionally licensed counselors. An explanatory sequential mixed methods study design was used to explore what and how factors are related to supervisors’ use of FIT data in supervision. In the first phase of the study exploring demographic, practice setting, and attitudinal factors, surveys were completed by 50 supervisors. In a second phase of the study, interviews were completed with 16 supervisors to clarify how factors are related to the use of FIT data in supervision. Results suggested that the use of FIT data in supervision is also rare but was more likely among supervisors who previously or currently work in community mental health centers. Attitudes towards the use of FIT data in supervision were favorable even among non-users, but barriers to use such as practical burdens and questions about validity of data were concerns for some supervisors. Findings indicated potential for expanded use of FIT data in supervision if future implementation accommodates supervisor expectations.
"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/PDF"]},{"key":"dc:source","label":"Dc Source","values":["Encompass Digital Archive: Online Theses and Dissertations"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Outcome-Informed Supervision: A Mixed Methods Investigation Of Counseling Supervisors’ Utilization Of Feedback-Informed Treatment Data"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Lewis, Michael Patrick"],"dc:description.abstract":["Routine clinical supervision is among the licensure expectations for the counseling profession, yet the connections of this tradition to evidence-based practices and client outcomes remain unclear. The utilization of feedback informed treatment (FIT) data in supervision represents a means to monitor treatment effectiveness and incorporate an evidence-based practice in supervision, but prior research has suggested that the adoption of FIT in practice is rare. The purpose of this study was to identify and clarify factors associated with the utilization of FIT data in the supervision of provisionally licensed counselors. An explanatory sequential mixed methods study design was used to explore what and how factors are related to supervisors’ use of FIT data in supervision. In the first phase of the study exploring demographic, practice setting, and attitudinal factors, surveys were completed by 50 supervisors. In a second phase of the study, interviews were completed with 16 supervisors to clarify how factors are related to the use of FIT data in supervision. Results suggested that the use of FIT data in supervision is also rare but was more likely among supervisors who previously or currently work in community mental health centers. Attitudes towards the use of FIT data in supervision were favorable even among non-users, but barriers to use such as practical burdens and questions about validity of data were concerns for some supervisors. Findings indicated potential for expanded use of FIT data in supervision if future implementation accommodates supervisor expectations.
"],"dc:format":["application/PDF"],"dc:identifier":["https://encompass.eku.edu/etd/664"],"dc:publisher":["Encompass Digital Archive, Eastern Kentucky University"],"dc:rights":["Copyright 2020 Michael Patrick Lewis"],"dc:source":["Encompass Digital Archive: Online Theses and Dissertations"],"dc:subject":["Counseling","Feedback-Informed Treatment","Implementation Science","Mixed methods","Supervision","Performance Management"],"dc:title":["Outcome-Informed Supervision: A Mixed Methods Investigation Of Counseling Supervisors’ Utilization Of Feedback-Informed Treatment Data"],"dc:type":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Counseling and Educational Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Doctoral's"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Education (EdD)"],"thesis:institution_name":["Eastern Kentucky University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:15:53Z"}