{"id":{"repo_id":"edinburgh","oai_identifier":"oai:era.ed.ac.uk:1842/34426"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/edinburgh/oai:era.ed.ac.uk:1842/34426","repository":{"repo_id":"edinburgh","name":"University of Edinburgh","base_url":"https://era.ed.ac.uk/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Protein and uric acid patterns in malignant disease","abstract":"In an earlier, detailed study of 92 patients suffering from malignant disease and all receiving cytotoxic drugs,a number of interesting facts emerged.","abstract_html":"In an earlier, detailed study of 92 patients suffering from malignant disease and all receiving cytotoxic drugs,a number of interesting facts emerged.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Wilken, Bertie James"],"institution":"The University of Edinburgh","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1965,"date_issued":"1965","date_published":"1965","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:14:15Z","subjects":[],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/34426","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Wilken, Bertie James"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2019-02-15T14:26:52Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2019-02-15T14:26:52Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1965"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["The University of Edinburgh"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis or Dissertation"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["Doctoral"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["MD Doctor of Medicine"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/1842/34426"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["In an earlier, detailed study of 92 patients suffering from malignant disease and all receiving cytotoxic drugs,a number of interesting facts emerged.","Of these, two were considered of particular interest. It was noted that in 60%, of the total cases the α-2-globulin fraction of the serum electrophoretic pattern was raised, often to a considerable degree. If the cases of locally advanced disease or those demonstrating metastases were alone considered, then the percentage showing a raised α-2-globulin fraction was 76. Secondly, it was found that the serum and urinary uric acid levels were frequently raised in malignant disease and could be further altered by treatment with cytotoxic drugs or radiotherapy.","During this original study I further became impressed by the lack of an objective means of determining tumour response to cytotoxins (or radiotherapy) at an early stage in the treatment.","The significance of these changes in the protein pattern and in the uric acid levels in plasma and urine is obscure and relatively scant attention has been given to these problems in clinical publications.","It was known that changes occur in the globulin fraction of the plasma proteins in certain liver diseases. Gelhorn, in 1958, reported a greater agglutination of leucocytes of cancer patients than of those of normal patients by an antiserum prepared against the α-2 fraction of the serum No report, however, was made of the actual levels of α-2-globulin found in the serum of these patients.","In 37 cases of metastatic carcinomatosis Sunderman (1964) demonstrated a significant increase in the mean concentrations of α-1 and α-2 globulins in the electrophoretic fractions of the serum proteins He was of the opinion that these increases constituted a common and non -specific pattern which should not be regarded as evidence of neoplastic disease. No attempt was made to determine the significance of these findings, but the comment was made that these changes \"might be of value in determining remissions\".","Although a slightly different problem, it is of interest to note that Macbeth and his co- workers in Edmonton were able to demonstrate an elevation of the carbohydrate fraction of the plasma glycoproteins in patients and experimental animals harbouring malignant neoplasms. They commented that this elevation was not specific for malignant disease but was intimately related to the neoplastic process. They further drew attention to the lack of information concerning the significance of these findings.","It thus appears that, although a very considerable amount of work is in progress on such problems as the ultrastructure of malignant cells, the various aspects of nucleic acid synthesis and metabolism, and on the problem of immunity in malignancy, relatively little work has been done, at a clinical level, on the significance and potential value of the changing patterns of α-2-globulin in malignant disease.","Even less information is available on the changes which occur in uric acid levels in plasma and urine in malignancy, particularly after treatment with cytotoxic drugs. It was known that hyperuricaemia could be produced by radiotherapy, steroids, or cytotoxic drugs in leukaemia and reticulosis, and that on occasion hyperuricaemia may be sufficiently severe to cause acute renal failure: The employment of serial uric acid determinations in plasma and urine as a means of assessing response to cytotoxic treatment of solid tumours has, however, not been reported.","It was therefore considered that by a detailed study of the changes in serum electrophoretic pattern, with particular reference to the α-2-globulin fraction, together with a simultaneous study of the changes in plasma and urinary uric acid levels before and after treatment with cytotoxic drugs, some diagnostic and prognostic significance might derive from the results obtained."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Protein and uric acid patterns in malignant disease"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Wilken, Bertie James"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2019-02-15T14:26:52Z"],"dc:date.available":["2019-02-15T14:26:52Z"],"dc:date.issued":["1965"],"dc:description.abstract":["In an earlier, detailed study of 92 patients suffering from malignant disease and all receiving cytotoxic drugs,a number of interesting facts emerged.","Of these, two were considered of particular interest. It was noted that in 60%, of the total cases the α-2-globulin fraction of the serum electrophoretic pattern was raised, often to a considerable degree. If the cases of locally advanced disease or those demonstrating metastases were alone considered, then the percentage showing a raised α-2-globulin fraction was 76. Secondly, it was found that the serum and urinary uric acid levels were frequently raised in malignant disease and could be further altered by treatment with cytotoxic drugs or radiotherapy.","During this original study I further became impressed by the lack of an objective means of determining tumour response to cytotoxins (or radiotherapy) at an early stage in the treatment.","The significance of these changes in the protein pattern and in the uric acid levels in plasma and urine is obscure and relatively scant attention has been given to these problems in clinical publications.","It was known that changes occur in the globulin fraction of the plasma proteins in certain liver diseases. Gelhorn, in 1958, reported a greater agglutination of leucocytes of cancer patients than of those of normal patients by an antiserum prepared against the α-2 fraction of the serum No report, however, was made of the actual levels of α-2-globulin found in the serum of these patients.","In 37 cases of metastatic carcinomatosis Sunderman (1964) demonstrated a significant increase in the mean concentrations of α-1 and α-2 globulins in the electrophoretic fractions of the serum proteins He was of the opinion that these increases constituted a common and non -specific pattern which should not be regarded as evidence of neoplastic disease. No attempt was made to determine the significance of these findings, but the comment was made that these changes \"might be of value in determining remissions\".","Although a slightly different problem, it is of interest to note that Macbeth and his co- workers in Edmonton were able to demonstrate an elevation of the carbohydrate fraction of the plasma glycoproteins in patients and experimental animals harbouring malignant neoplasms. They commented that this elevation was not specific for malignant disease but was intimately related to the neoplastic process. They further drew attention to the lack of information concerning the significance of these findings.","It thus appears that, although a very considerable amount of work is in progress on such problems as the ultrastructure of malignant cells, the various aspects of nucleic acid synthesis and metabolism, and on the problem of immunity in malignancy, relatively little work has been done, at a clinical level, on the significance and potential value of the changing patterns of α-2-globulin in malignant disease.","Even less information is available on the changes which occur in uric acid levels in plasma and urine in malignancy, particularly after treatment with cytotoxic drugs. It was known that hyperuricaemia could be produced by radiotherapy, steroids, or cytotoxic drugs in leukaemia and reticulosis, and that on occasion hyperuricaemia may be sufficiently severe to cause acute renal failure: The employment of serial uric acid determinations in plasma and urine as a means of assessing response to cytotoxic treatment of solid tumours has, however, not been reported.","It was therefore considered that by a detailed study of the changes in serum electrophoretic pattern, with particular reference to the α-2-globulin fraction, together with a simultaneous study of the changes in plasma and urinary uric acid levels before and after treatment with cytotoxic drugs, some diagnostic and prognostic significance might derive from the results obtained."],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/1842/34426"],"dc:publisher":["The University of Edinburgh"],"dc:title":["Protein and uric acid patterns in malignant disease"],"dc:type":["Thesis or Dissertation"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["Doctoral"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["MD Doctor of Medicine"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:14:15Z"}