{"id":{"repo_id":"edinburgh","oai_identifier":"oai:era.ed.ac.uk:1842/32103"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/edinburgh/oai:era.ed.ac.uk:1842/32103","repository":{"repo_id":"edinburgh","name":"University of Edinburgh","base_url":"https://era.ed.ac.uk/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Yaws and syphilis in contrast comparison and combination: based on short course mass treatment in East Africa, with 2300 case records, 24 photographs and 50 references to the literature","abstract":"\"A somewhat paradoxical title\" might well be the remark from the theoretical point of view. \"t.hy; the diseases are so contrasted as to admit of no comparison and their combination even is denied by some.\"","abstract_html":""A somewhat paradoxical title" might well be the remark from the theoretical point of view. "t.hy; the diseases are so contrasted as to admit of no comparison and their combination even is denied by some."","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Edmond, J. J. B."],"institution":"The University of Edinburgh","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1928,"date_issued":"1928","date_published":"1928","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:14:11Z","subjects":[],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/32103","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Edmond, J. J. B."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2018-09-13T15:51:53Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2018-09-13T15:51:53Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1928"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["The University of Edinburgh"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis or Dissertation"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["Doctoral"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["MD Doctor of Medicine"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/1842/32103"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["\"A somewhat paradoxical title\" might well be the remark from the theoretical point of view. \"t.hy; the diseases are so contrasted as to admit of no comparison and their combination even is denied by some.\"","Granted; when you have, on the one hand, a truth_ ful intelligent European, with the presence or histor of a Hunterian Chancre, _ Glands, _ Secondary rashes or tertiary manifestations, and on the other, a native of the Tropics with an Extragenital mother Yaw, and the pathegnomonic or, (to employ an expressive Scottish word) 'Kenspeckle' Eruption of Secondary Yaws. \"Ca saute aux Yeux \".","With these classical features of the two disease I am not concerned, since they admit of no discussion when so portrayed, but,let us plunge into Central Africa among a people recently more primitive than those of Old Testament narrative, and we can readily understand if opinion is still divided as to the identity of the widely differing diseases mentioned in the Bible, what chance the /African native had in the past of differentiating Yaws and Syphilis for himself. Further, _ what chance has the skilled observer even now of obtaining a satisfactory history of one or other or perhaps of both diseases.","When he comes to examine the lesions he may be even more at sea. He is at once 'up against' the black skin; he finds the lesions perhaps obscured by dirt or native medicines, and, if not superimposed on tissues already attacked by other diseases, e.g. Filarasis, Leprosy or Tubercle, he may find them so profoundly altered by deficiency disease, tropical anaemias, secondary infection, or all three that he cannot even say with any certainty that they are Spirochaetal in origin, let alone, differentiate the particular species concerned. Little wonder then, that many have considered them one and the same.","Such an observer is of necessity denied the crucial tests of microscopical, histological and serological diagnosis, and he must therefore fall back on other and more unorthodox means; he must familiarise himself with the combinations and one might even say the permutations of his two diseases with each other and with the other local conditions already mentioned, and he must know something of the history of the diseases he is treating and the people he is working among.","It is then along these lines and with these reservations that I wish to discuss the subject. Fortunate it is that the mass diagnosis of these diseases, so liable to be confused and so profoundly altered by concomitant conditions, is merely of statistical interest, and that the mass treatment of both is only a matter of intensity,"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Yaws and syphilis in contrast comparison and combination: based on short course mass treatment in East Africa, with 2300 case records, 24 photographs and 50 references to the literature"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Edmond, J. J. B."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2018-09-13T15:51:53Z"],"dc:date.available":["2018-09-13T15:51:53Z"],"dc:date.issued":["1928"],"dc:description.abstract":["\"A somewhat paradoxical title\" might well be the remark from the theoretical point of view. \"t.hy; the diseases are so contrasted as to admit of no comparison and their combination even is denied by some.\"","Granted; when you have, on the one hand, a truth_ ful intelligent European, with the presence or histor of a Hunterian Chancre, _ Glands, _ Secondary rashes or tertiary manifestations, and on the other, a native of the Tropics with an Extragenital mother Yaw, and the pathegnomonic or, (to employ an expressive Scottish word) 'Kenspeckle' Eruption of Secondary Yaws. \"Ca saute aux Yeux \".","With these classical features of the two disease I am not concerned, since they admit of no discussion when so portrayed, but,let us plunge into Central Africa among a people recently more primitive than those of Old Testament narrative, and we can readily understand if opinion is still divided as to the identity of the widely differing diseases mentioned in the Bible, what chance the /African native had in the past of differentiating Yaws and Syphilis for himself. Further, _ what chance has the skilled observer even now of obtaining a satisfactory history of one or other or perhaps of both diseases.","When he comes to examine the lesions he may be even more at sea. He is at once 'up against' the black skin; he finds the lesions perhaps obscured by dirt or native medicines, and, if not superimposed on tissues already attacked by other diseases, e.g. Filarasis, Leprosy or Tubercle, he may find them so profoundly altered by deficiency disease, tropical anaemias, secondary infection, or all three that he cannot even say with any certainty that they are Spirochaetal in origin, let alone, differentiate the particular species concerned. Little wonder then, that many have considered them one and the same.","Such an observer is of necessity denied the crucial tests of microscopical, histological and serological diagnosis, and he must therefore fall back on other and more unorthodox means; he must familiarise himself with the combinations and one might even say the permutations of his two diseases with each other and with the other local conditions already mentioned, and he must know something of the history of the diseases he is treating and the people he is working among.","It is then along these lines and with these reservations that I wish to discuss the subject. Fortunate it is that the mass diagnosis of these diseases, so liable to be confused and so profoundly altered by concomitant conditions, is merely of statistical interest, and that the mass treatment of both is only a matter of intensity,"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/1842/32103"],"dc:publisher":["The University of Edinburgh"],"dc:title":["Yaws and syphilis in contrast comparison and combination: based on short course mass treatment in East Africa, with 2300 case records, 24 photographs and 50 references to the literature"],"dc:type":["Thesis or Dissertation"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["Doctoral"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["MD Doctor of Medicine"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:14:11Z"}