The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of gratitude interpretation bias training in decreasing narcissism. This is important because of gratitude’s consistent ability to increase subjective well-being and improve relationships. Because narcissism has been shown to inhibit gratitude, decreasing narcissism by establishing gratitude interpretation biases may have a number of benefits. The effectiveness of these trainings in increasing positive emotions should be researched in terms of decreasing negative emotions, like those associated with narcissism. I found that the trainings significantly influenced participants’ interpretations of ambiguous benefit-related scenarios. However, the intervention did not significantly impact the other outcome measures. I conclude that interpretations of a benefit can indeed be modified through CBM-I training.
","abstract_html":"<p>The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of gratitude interpretation bias training in decreasing narcissism. This is important because of gratitude’s consistent ability to increase subjective well-being and improve relationships. Because narcissism has been shown to inhibit gratitude, decreasing narcissism by establishing gratitude interpretation biases may have a number of benefits. The effectiveness of these trainings in increasing positive emotions should be researched in terms of decreasing negative emotions, like those associated with narcissism. I found that the trainings significantly influenced participants’ interpretations of ambiguous benefit-related scenarios. However, the intervention did not significantly impact the other outcome measures. I conclude that interpretations of a benefit can indeed be modified through CBM-I training.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Elliott, Kahle J"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS) in Psychology: General/Experimental","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2021,"date_issued":"2021-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2021-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:12:39Z","subjects":["Experimental Analysis of Behavior","Social Psychology"],"languages":[],"rights":["Access is available to all users"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/677","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Elliott, Kahle J"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science (MS) in Psychology: General/Experimental"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Experimental Analysis of Behavior","Social Psychology"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Access is available to all users"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/677"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of gratitude interpretation bias training in decreasing narcissism. This is important because of gratitude’s consistent ability to increase subjective well-being and improve relationships. Because narcissism has been shown to inhibit gratitude, decreasing narcissism by establishing gratitude interpretation biases may have a number of benefits. The effectiveness of these trainings in increasing positive emotions should be researched in terms of decreasing negative emotions, like those associated with narcissism. I found that the trainings significantly influenced participants’ interpretations of ambiguous benefit-related scenarios. However, the intervention did not significantly impact the other outcome measures. I conclude that interpretations of a benefit can indeed be modified through CBM-I training.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Can gratitude interpretation bias modification training reduce the effects of narcissism?"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Elliott, Kahle J"],"dc:description.abstract":["The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of gratitude interpretation bias training in decreasing narcissism. This is important because of gratitude’s consistent ability to increase subjective well-being and improve relationships. Because narcissism has been shown to inhibit gratitude, decreasing narcissism by establishing gratitude interpretation biases may have a number of benefits. The effectiveness of these trainings in increasing positive emotions should be researched in terms of decreasing negative emotions, like those associated with narcissism. I found that the trainings significantly influenced participants’ interpretations of ambiguous benefit-related scenarios. However, the intervention did not significantly impact the other outcome measures. I conclude that interpretations of a benefit can indeed be modified through CBM-I training.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/677"],"dc:rights":["Access is available to all users"],"dc:subject":["Experimental Analysis of Behavior","Social Psychology"],"dc:title":["Can gratitude interpretation bias modification training reduce the effects of narcissism?"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS) in Psychology: General/Experimental"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:12:39Z"}