La piel de la arquitectura de tierra. Sustancias naturales al servicio de la restauración de superficies del patrimonio vernáculo edificado

The use of natural substances or biopolymers in the improvement of earthen renders has been very common among the building cultures. Further properties like strength, impermeability, hardness and repellency against insects are given to the plasters. Despite the emergence of more complex and sophisticated industry products, the traditional practices of plastering have managed to perpetuate, most of them taking place in the developing countries. However, very little is known of the basic rules about their use, due to the knowledge of the know-how have been made among the people in an oral tradition. Thus, this thesis consists in the study and analysis of the biopolymers used to improve the earthen renders. It contains two parts: a theoretical part based on the study, compilation and classification of the biopolymers used throughout the history. It shows the analysis of the literature, following the biopolymers ordination according to the guidance provided by the organic chemistry. This discipline divides the organic composites in three categories: proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. And a practical part, which consists in the superficial consolidation of a wall, built in rammed earth, with a local substance. To this end, it has been made the characterization of local earths to perform specimens to be essays with latex from the plant Euphorbia balsamífera. Once the biopolymer has been properly applied in the original wall, a sample was removed for testing by scientific methods, such as the Infrared Spectroscopy, Raman, FTIR, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction and the Stereoscopic and Optic Microscopy. The results obtained have allowed, in one hand, the determination of the consolidant capacity of the Euphorbia concerning the practical part, and on the other hand, forty-three biopolymers have been located currently in the improvement of the earthen plasters.

Grantor dc:publisher

Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España)

Year dc:date

2016

Author dc:creator

• Díaz Ramos, Isolina

Contributors dc:contributor

• Ortega Andrade, Francisco (Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria)

• Arquitectura de tierra
• Restauración y conservación
• Sustancias naturales Biopolímeros
• Arquitectura vernácula
• Earthen architecture
• Restoration and conservation
• Natural substances
• Biopolymers
• Vernacular architecture

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Language dc:language

spa

Repository record dc:identifier

https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaites?codigo=49015

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:dialnet.unirioja.es:TES0000010937