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The Graduate School and University Center of The City University of New York

Origins of the Movement and the Development of Protest: The Birmingham Campaign, 1963

Abstract

dc:description.abstract

<p>Social movement theory in the late twentieth century has offered competing explanations for the origins and development of protest. In an attempt to explain the American Civil Rights Movement, scholars from the resource mobilization (RM) and political process theory (PPT) schools have provided somewhat mechanistic and formulaic explanations for how the black protest developed in the southern states. This study takes the emergence and development of protest in Birmingham, Alabama, culminating in the Birmingham Campaign of 1963, as a case study to examine the claims of RM and PPT. An evaluation of the Birmingham Campaign suggests the emergence of protest is less dependent on the receipt of outside resources than RM and PPT suggest. Similarly, the Birmingham Campaign shows us that the development of protest proceeds in a far more unpredictable and spontaneous manner than either theory would lead us to believe. </p>

Degree

thesis:*
Name thesis:degree_name
Master of Arts
Level thesis:degree_level
Master
Discipline thesis:degree_discipline
Political Science
Grantor
The Graduate School and University Center of The City University of New York
Year dc:date.available
2014

Author and committee

dc:creator, dc:contributor.*
Author dc:creator
  • Munro, James
Advisor dc:contributor.advisor
  • Frances F. Piven

Subjects

dc:subject × 1

Identifiers

dc:identifier.*
Repository record dc:identifier
https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/147
OAI identifier oai:identifier
oai:academicworks.cuny.edu:gc_etds-1146

Chain of custody

source
Harvested from
City University of New York - Graduate Center
Base URL
academicworks.cuny.edu/do/oai/
Last updated
2026-07-24
Source record
OAI-PMH GetRecord
citation

Munro, James. Origins of the Movement and the Development of Protest: The Birmingham Campaign, 1963. Master thesis, The Graduate School and University Center of The City University of New York, 2014. https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/147