{"id":{"repo_id":"cornell","oai_identifier":"oai:ecommons.cornell.edu:1813/117431"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/cornell/oai:ecommons.cornell.edu:1813/117431","repository":{"repo_id":"cornell","name":"Cornell University","base_url":"https://ecommons.cornell.edu/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Assessment of subsidized shared transport services on mobility patterns: Evidence and Lessons from cellphone mobility data","abstract":"Understanding how emerging shared transport services affect urban mobility is critical for designing sustainable and equitable transit systems. However, empirical evidence on the real-world impacts of subsidized shared transport services remains limited. This study evaluates the impacts of two such services: the Mobility on Demand (MOD) Project and Metro Micro Project, on mobility patterns in Los Angeles County using cellphone-based mobility data. The MOD Project initially utilized a ride-hailing mode with limited semi-fixed routes and transition to point-to-point flexible routes during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the Metro Micro Project adopted a micro-transit mode with mini-buses operating on flexible routes. Applying a matched Difference-in-Differences (DiD) framework, we analyze visit trends at Points of Interest (POIs) across industries and geographic areas from 2018 to 2022.The findings reveal that the MOD Project significantly increased POI visitation major in El Monte area by 7.5%, with the growth primarily from retail trade, food service, and laundry service sectors, and driven by the transition to flexible point-to-point travel. However, the Metro Micro Project had statistically insignificant effects overall, although notable regional heterogeneity was observed. Furthermore, the ride-hailing mode under the MOD Project was more effective in increasing POI visitation than the micro-transit mode of Metro Micro. These results highlight the critical role of service flexibility and mode selection in integrating shared transport with public transit systems as \"last-mile solution.\"","abstract_html":"Understanding how emerging shared transport services affect urban mobility is critical for designing sustainable and equitable transit systems. However, empirical evidence on the real-world impacts of subsidized shared transport services remains limited. This study evaluates the impacts of two such services: the Mobility on Demand (MOD) Project and Metro Micro Project, on mobility patterns in Los Angeles County using cellphone-based mobility data. The MOD Project initially utilized a ride-hailing mode with limited semi-fixed routes and transition to point-to-point flexible routes during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the Metro Micro Project adopted a micro-transit mode with mini-buses operating on flexible routes. Applying a matched Difference-in-Differences (DiD) framework, we analyze visit trends at Points of Interest (POIs) across industries and geographic areas from 2018 to 2022.The findings reveal that the MOD Project significantly increased POI visitation major in El Monte area by 7.5%, with the growth primarily from retail trade, food service, and laundry service sectors, and driven by the transition to flexible point-to-point travel. However, the Metro Micro Project had statistically insignificant effects overall, although notable regional heterogeneity was observed. Furthermore, the ride-hailing mode under the MOD Project was more effective in increasing POI visitation than the micro-transit mode of Metro Micro. These results highlight the critical role of service flexibility and mode selection in integrating shared transport with public transit systems as "last-mile solution."","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Guo, Ruihua"],"institution":"Cornell University","degree_name":"M.S., Applied Economics and Management","degree_level":"Master of Science","degree_discipline":"Applied Economics and Management","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":["Zhang, Jingwei"],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-05","date_published":"2025-05","updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:48:56Z","subjects":["DID","Mobility as a Service (MaaS)","public transit","shared transport"],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["https://doi.org/10.7298/sekd-rm44"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://doi.org/10.7298/sekd-rm44","href":"https://doi.org/10.7298/sekd-rm44","code":true}]},{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["ProQuest Submission ID: 12399","ProQuest Publication ID: 31999421"],"render_values":[{"text":"ProQuest Submission ID: 12399","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"ProQuest Publication ID: 31999421","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1813/117431","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Zhang, Jingwei"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Guo, Ruihua"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2025-08-20T21:35:38Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2025-08-20T21:35:38Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2025-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["dissertation or thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Applied Economics and Management"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Master of Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S., Applied Economics and Management"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Cornell University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["DID","Mobility as a Service (MaaS)","public transit","shared transport"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["https://doi.org/10.7298/sekd-rm44"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["ProQuest Submission ID: 12399","ProQuest Publication ID: 31999421"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/1813/117431"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["107 pages"]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Understanding how emerging shared transport services affect urban mobility is critical for designing sustainable and equitable transit systems. However, empirical evidence on the real-world impacts of subsidized shared transport services remains limited. This study evaluates the impacts of two such services: the Mobility on Demand (MOD) Project and Metro Micro Project, on mobility patterns in Los Angeles County using cellphone-based mobility data. The MOD Project initially utilized a ride-hailing mode with limited semi-fixed routes and transition to point-to-point flexible routes during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the Metro Micro Project adopted a micro-transit mode with mini-buses operating on flexible routes. Applying a matched Difference-in-Differences (DiD) framework, we analyze visit trends at Points of Interest (POIs) across industries and geographic areas from 2018 to 2022.The findings reveal that the MOD Project significantly increased POI visitation major in El Monte area by 7.5%, with the growth primarily from retail trade, food service, and laundry service sectors, and driven by the transition to flexible point-to-point travel. However, the Metro Micro Project had statistically insignificant effects overall, although notable regional heterogeneity was observed. Furthermore, the ride-hailing mode under the MOD Project was more effective in increasing POI visitation than the micro-transit mode of Metro Micro. These results highlight the critical role of service flexibility and mode selection in integrating shared transport with public transit systems as \"last-mile solution.\""]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Assessment of subsidized shared transport services on mobility patterns: Evidence and Lessons from cellphone mobility data"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Zhang, Jingwei"],"dc:creator":["Guo, Ruihua"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2025-08-20T21:35:38Z"],"dc:date.available":["2025-08-20T21:35:38Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2025-05"],"dc:description":["107 pages"],"dc:description.abstract":["Understanding how emerging shared transport services affect urban mobility is critical for designing sustainable and equitable transit systems. However, empirical evidence on the real-world impacts of subsidized shared transport services remains limited. This study evaluates the impacts of two such services: the Mobility on Demand (MOD) Project and Metro Micro Project, on mobility patterns in Los Angeles County using cellphone-based mobility data. The MOD Project initially utilized a ride-hailing mode with limited semi-fixed routes and transition to point-to-point flexible routes during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the Metro Micro Project adopted a micro-transit mode with mini-buses operating on flexible routes. Applying a matched Difference-in-Differences (DiD) framework, we analyze visit trends at Points of Interest (POIs) across industries and geographic areas from 2018 to 2022.The findings reveal that the MOD Project significantly increased POI visitation major in El Monte area by 7.5%, with the growth primarily from retail trade, food service, and laundry service sectors, and driven by the transition to flexible point-to-point travel. However, the Metro Micro Project had statistically insignificant effects overall, although notable regional heterogeneity was observed. Furthermore, the ride-hailing mode under the MOD Project was more effective in increasing POI visitation than the micro-transit mode of Metro Micro. These results highlight the critical role of service flexibility and mode selection in integrating shared transport with public transit systems as \"last-mile solution.\""],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.doi":["https://doi.org/10.7298/sekd-rm44"],"dc:identifier.other":["ProQuest Submission ID: 12399","ProQuest Publication ID: 31999421"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/1813/117431"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:subject":["DID","Mobility as a Service (MaaS)","public transit","shared transport"],"dc:title":["Assessment of subsidized shared transport services on mobility patterns: Evidence and Lessons from cellphone mobility data"],"dc:type":["dissertation or thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Applied Economics and Management"],"thesis:degree_level":["Master of Science"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S., Applied Economics and Management"],"thesis:institution_name":["Cornell University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:48:56Z"}