Assessment of Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors for Diabetes Mellitus Prevention in San Bernardino County, California: Using Secondary Data and Geospatial Analysis
type: CreativeWork
description: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major public health burden in San Bernardino County, California. Its crude prevalence is 11.4% higher than both state (10.6%) and national (9.6%) averages. This retrospective observational cross-sectional ecological study used spatial epidemiology and secondary data analysis to assess the socio-economic and environmental factors influencing DM prevalence. The study aims to identify the key socioeconomic and environmental determinants and spatial distribution patterns of DM to inform targeted public health interventions. A purposive sampling method was used to collect data (n = 549 census tracts) from multiple secondary sources such as the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates (2018 – 2022), the California Healthy Places Index (2015 – 2019), the San Bernardino County Department of Public Health (SBCDPH) 2022 data, the 2022 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) data, the 2020 SDOH data from Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the CDC PLACES 2021 data. The variables analyzed included diabetes prevalence, socioeconomic factors (e.g., poverty, unemployment, lack of health insurance, educational attainment), and environmental exposures (e.g., particulate matter and access to parks and supermarket access, food insecurity, SVI, walkability, HPI scores, CalEnvironScr4.0, etc.). Spatial mapping and Hotspot analysis were conducted using ArcGIS Pro to identify the spatial distribution of diabetes. Multivariate linear and binary logistic regression analyses were deployed to determine the socioeconomic and environmental determinants of DM. Although the prevalence of diabetes mellitus across census tracts in San Bernardino County was 12.61% (SD 2.18), with females having a marginally higher mean prevalence at 6.36% (SD 1.20), compared to 6.26% (SD 1.20) in males, spatial analyses conducted using ArcGIS Pro identified diabetes hotspots primarily in central and western regions of San Bernardino County, with prevalence rates betw…
abstract: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major public health burden in San Bernardino County, California. Its crude prevalence is 11.4% higher than both state (10.6%) and national (9.6%) averages. This retrospective observational cross-sectional ecological study used spatial epidemiology and secondary data analysis to assess the socio-economic and environmental factors influencing DM prevalence. The study aims to identify the key socioeconomic and environmental determinants and spatial distribution patterns of DM to inform targeted public health interventions. A purposive sampling method was used to collect data (n = 549 census tracts) from multiple secondary sources such as the American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates (2018 – 2022), the California Healthy Places Index (2015 – 2019), the San Bernardino County Department of Public Health (SBCDPH) 2022 data, the 2022 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) data, the 2020 SDOH data from Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the CDC PLACES 2021 data. The variables analyzed included diabetes prevalence, socioeconomic factors (e.g., poverty, unemployment, lack of health insurance, educational attainment), and environmental exposures (e.g., particulate matter and access to parks and supermarket access, food insecurity, SVI, walkability, HPI scores, CalEnvironScr4.0, etc.). Spatial mapping and Hotspot analysis were conducted using ArcGIS Pro to identify the spatial distribution of diabetes. Multivariate linear and binary logistic regression analyses were deployed to determine the socioeconomic and environmental determinants of DM. Although the prevalence of diabetes mellitus across census tracts in San Bernardino County was 12.61% (SD 2.18), with females having a marginally higher mean prevalence at 6.36% (SD 1.20), compared to 6.26% (SD 1.20) in males, spatial analyses conducted using ArcGIS Pro identified diabetes hotspots primarily in central and western regions of San Bernardino County, with prevalence rates betw…
author: Arugu, Godswill Melford
keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Environmental Determinants, Public Health Interventions, San Bernardino County, Socioeconomic Factors, Spatial Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Public Health
date published: 2024-01-01T08:00:00Z
date modified: 2026-07-24T01:41:09Z
provider: Claremont Graduate University
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Claremont Graduate University