Evaluación de impactos ambientales en la industria porcina y propuestas de mejora en el manejo de purines. Estudio de caso

The pig industry has taken great importance, thanks to the fact that Chile has become one of the main powers in Latin America in terms of production and export of products. The O'Higgins region is the region that has the largest amount of pig farms (79%). Rengo, commune of this region has 3 pig farms, the San José de Apalta farm, is the farm that we claim the most, in terms of bad odors, vectors and waste, this farm generates 103,255m3 of purines annually. The slurries are waste generated from the cleaning of the feces and urine of the pig with water inside the cages where the pigs are housed, these are moved out of the cages, towards some type of separation system, for later storage and / or application. The most common application of the slurry is as fertilizer, which is incorporated into the soil taking advantage of the nutrient content and the organic matter that it possesses, however, the problem in its indiscriminate use is based on the strong environmental impact it produces, due to the risk of contamination of the soil, atmosphere and nearby bodies of water.The objective of this title seminar is to identify and evaluate the environmental impacts generated by slurry and develop proposals for the improvement in the management of this waste, specifically for the San José de Apalta hatchery, for this information will be collected regarding the management of slurry, the main environmental risks associated with this industry will be identified, the impacts it generates, identifying the main sources of pollutant emission and where they are dispersed. Proposals will be developed that allow the improvement of waste management in this farm, in addition to proposing different ways of valuing the slurry that is generated.The results indicate that the San José de Apalta hatchery correctly manages its slurry, however, as investigated in populations near this campus there are problems regarding the emission of odors and proliferation of vectors especially in summer time, this is also evidenced in the survey developed to these populations. The proposed improvements are aimed at reducing odors in the sources that are generated; In addition, they present proposals to reduce the amount of slurries that are generated. The generated slurries can be a good source of energy generation which allows reducing the emission of gases into the atmosphere and generating biogas as fuel which can be used in various parts of the production process. Which gives an added value to the waste generated.

Grantor dc:publisher

Universidad de Chile

Year dc:date.issued

2019

Author dc:creator

• Martínez González, Benicio A.

Advisor dc:contributor.advisor

• Ramos Pozo, Paulina

• Cerdos
• Purines
• Contaminación ambiental

Statement dc:rights

• Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Chile

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/

Language dc:language.iso

es

Repository record dc:identifier.uri

https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/175505

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:repositorio.uchile.cl:2250/175505