Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a hereditary disorder affecting multiple organs, including the heart. PKD patients have been associated with arrhythmogenic remodeling in some clinical evaluations. However, the structural changes in myocardium and pathway analyses on the pathology of human PKD hearts have never been studied.
Methods: Sex- and age-matched human heart tissues from non-PKD and PKD were studied and verified in a heart-specific PKD mouse model. Structural and functional abnormalities of cardiac tissues and fibrosis-associated pathways were analyzed.
Results: Human PKD myocardium were infiltrated by inflammatory cells M1 and M2. Expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) and TGF-β1 receptor in both human and mouse tissues were upregulated with nuclear translocation of pSMAD3 and β-catenin. The increase in extracellular matrix led to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, causing cardiac dysfunctions with a predisposition to arrhythmia. Impairment in left ventricular (LV) expansion or compliance and LV filling in fibrotic PKD hearts resulted in diastolic dysfunction. LV systolic contractility and elastance decreased in fibrotic PKD hearts resulted in systolic dysfunction.
Conclusions: Hearts from PKD patients are characterized with hypertrophy and fibrosis in the interstitial, perivascular and conduction system with upregulated TGF-β1 and its receptor. Human studies are validated by the mouse PKD model, indicating systolic and diastolic dysfunctions with arrhythmogenic hearts.
","abstract_html":"<p><strong>Background:</strong> Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a hereditary disorder affecting multiple organs, including the heart. PKD patients have been associated with arrhythmogenic remodeling in some clinical evaluations. However, the structural changes in myocardium and pathway analyses on the pathology of human PKD hearts have never been studied.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Sex- and age-matched human heart tissues from non-PKD and PKD were studied and verified in a heart-specific PKD mouse model. Structural and functional abnormalities of cardiac tissues and fibrosis-associated pathways were analyzed.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Human PKD myocardium were infiltrated by inflammatory cells M1 and M2. Expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF-β<sub>1</sub>) and TGF-β<sub>1</sub> receptor in both human and mouse tissues were upregulated with nuclear translocation of pSMAD3 and β-catenin. The increase in extracellular matrix led to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, causing cardiac dysfunctions with a predisposition to arrhythmia. Impairment in left ventricular (LV) expansion or compliance and LV filling in fibrotic PKD hearts resulted in diastolic dysfunction. LV systolic contractility and elastance decreased in fibrotic PKD hearts resulted in systolic dysfunction.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Hearts from PKD patients are characterized with hypertrophy and fibrosis in the interstitial, perivascular and conduction system with upregulated TGF-β<sub>1</sub> and its receptor. Human studies are validated by the mouse PKD model, indicating systolic and diastolic dysfunctions with arrhythmogenic hearts.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Amirrad, Farideh"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Pharmaceutical Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Surya Nauli","Keykavous Parang","Marco Bisoffi","Jennifer Totonchy"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2022,"date_issued":"2022-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2022-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:38:24Z","subjects":["Polycystic Kidney Disease","Heart","Cardiovascular Diseases"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/pharmaceutical_sciences_dissertations/13","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Surya Nauli","Keykavous Parang","Marco Bisoffi","Jennifer Totonchy"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Amirrad, Farideh"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2023-01-25T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Pharmaceutical Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Polycystic Kidney Disease","Heart","Cardiovascular Diseases"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/pharmaceutical_sciences_dissertations/13"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a hereditary disorder affecting multiple organs, including the heart. PKD patients have been associated with arrhythmogenic remodeling in some clinical evaluations. However, the structural changes in myocardium and pathway analyses on the pathology of human PKD hearts have never been studied.
Methods: Sex- and age-matched human heart tissues from non-PKD and PKD were studied and verified in a heart-specific PKD mouse model. Structural and functional abnormalities of cardiac tissues and fibrosis-associated pathways were analyzed.
Results: Human PKD myocardium were infiltrated by inflammatory cells M1 and M2. Expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) and TGF-β1 receptor in both human and mouse tissues were upregulated with nuclear translocation of pSMAD3 and β-catenin. The increase in extracellular matrix led to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, causing cardiac dysfunctions with a predisposition to arrhythmia. Impairment in left ventricular (LV) expansion or compliance and LV filling in fibrotic PKD hearts resulted in diastolic dysfunction. LV systolic contractility and elastance decreased in fibrotic PKD hearts resulted in systolic dysfunction.
Conclusions: Hearts from PKD patients are characterized with hypertrophy and fibrosis in the interstitial, perivascular and conduction system with upregulated TGF-β1 and its receptor. Human studies are validated by the mouse PKD model, indicating systolic and diastolic dysfunctions with arrhythmogenic hearts.
"]},{"key":"dc:source","label":"Dc Source","values":["Amirrad, F. Heart in Polycystic Kidney Disease is Characterized by Cardiac Dysfunction and Structural Deformation. [dissertation]. Irvine, CA: Chapman University; 2022. https://doi.org/10.36837/chapman.000337"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Heart in Polycystic Kidney Disease is Characterized by Cardiac Dysfunction and Structural Deformation"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Surya Nauli","Keykavous Parang","Marco Bisoffi","Jennifer Totonchy"],"dc:creator":["Amirrad, Farideh"],"dc:date.available":["2023-01-25T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a hereditary disorder affecting multiple organs, including the heart. PKD patients have been associated with arrhythmogenic remodeling in some clinical evaluations. However, the structural changes in myocardium and pathway analyses on the pathology of human PKD hearts have never been studied.
Methods: Sex- and age-matched human heart tissues from non-PKD and PKD were studied and verified in a heart-specific PKD mouse model. Structural and functional abnormalities of cardiac tissues and fibrosis-associated pathways were analyzed.
Results: Human PKD myocardium were infiltrated by inflammatory cells M1 and M2. Expressions of transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) and TGF-β1 receptor in both human and mouse tissues were upregulated with nuclear translocation of pSMAD3 and β-catenin. The increase in extracellular matrix led to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, causing cardiac dysfunctions with a predisposition to arrhythmia. Impairment in left ventricular (LV) expansion or compliance and LV filling in fibrotic PKD hearts resulted in diastolic dysfunction. LV systolic contractility and elastance decreased in fibrotic PKD hearts resulted in systolic dysfunction.
Conclusions: Hearts from PKD patients are characterized with hypertrophy and fibrosis in the interstitial, perivascular and conduction system with upregulated TGF-β1 and its receptor. Human studies are validated by the mouse PKD model, indicating systolic and diastolic dysfunctions with arrhythmogenic hearts.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/pharmaceutical_sciences_dissertations/13"],"dc:source":["Amirrad, F. Heart in Polycystic Kidney Disease is Characterized by Cardiac Dysfunction and Structural Deformation. [dissertation]. Irvine, CA: Chapman University; 2022. https://doi.org/10.36837/chapman.000337"],"dc:subject":["Polycystic Kidney Disease","Heart","Cardiovascular Diseases"],"dc:title":["Heart in Polycystic Kidney Disease is Characterized by Cardiac Dysfunction and Structural Deformation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:38:24Z"}