Tourism and employment: A comparative assessment of multiplier techniques and their application to tourism-related employment in Blackpool
Very few studies in the United Kingdom have included a rigorous attempt to calculate the employment generated by tourist activity. The direct employment which may be identified within a small number of SIC categories has usually been considered but little has been dope to assess the secondary effects, which might well be significant. The aims of this study were to evaluate the techniques available for the analysis of direct and indirect tourism-based employment. On the basis of this evaluation, the most appropriate methods within the constraints of data availabiliXr. were used to estimate direct and indirect tourism-related employment in Blackpool. Part A critically assesses the various methods for the measurernent of indirect tourism-based employment; these are economic base multipliers, Keynesian type multipliers and Input-Output multipliers. From the analysis in Part A. and taking into account the overall data constraint, the economic base multiplier and the Adapted Keynesian multiplier were found to be the most suitable. These techniques were then used to estimate tourism-related employment in Blackpooi. - On the basis of these results, together with a comparison with the results from other studies in this field, it was conáluded that the economic base multiplier was unsuitable for the estimation of tourism-related employment, whilst the Adapted Keynesian multiplier was found to be the most useful dI the models available for an analysis of a small, tourism-based economy such as Blackpool.
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