{"id":{"repo_id":"carleton","oai_identifier":"oai:carleton.scholaris.ca:20.500.14718/45296"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/carleton/oai:carleton.scholaris.ca:20.500.14718/45296","repository":{"repo_id":"carleton","name":"Carleton University","base_url":"https://carleton.scholaris.ca/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"An Integrated Thesis Examining Risk Factor Profiles, Vascular and Neurodegenerative Brain Changes, and Cognitive Outcomes","abstract":"Dementia is a growing public health concern linked to co-occurring modifiable risk factors. However, risks are often studied in isolation, with limited attention to how exposure timing affects brain and cognitive outcomes. This thesis examined how modifiable risk factors relate to structural brain changes and cognitive functioning in later life, focusing on cumulative burden and exposure timing. This integrated thesis includes two manuscripts using National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center data. Study 1 examined whether the cumulative burden of modifiable risk factors was associated with cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative markers, global cognition, clinical severity, episodic memory, and semantic fluency. Study 2 examined whether current versus past risk exposure differentially related to these outcomes. Greater cumulative risk burden and currently active risk states were linked to worse outcomes, highlighting the importance of considering both cumulative risk and exposure timing to inform approaches for managing modifiable risk factors and preserving brain health in aging populations.","abstract_html":"Dementia is a growing public health concern linked to co-occurring modifiable risk factors. However, risks are often studied in isolation, with limited attention to how exposure timing affects brain and cognitive outcomes. This thesis examined how modifiable risk factors relate to structural brain changes and cognitive functioning in later life, focusing on cumulative burden and exposure timing. This integrated thesis includes two manuscripts using National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center data. Study 1 examined whether the cumulative burden of modifiable risk factors was associated with cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative markers, global cognition, clinical severity, episodic memory, and semantic fluency. Study 2 examined whether current versus past risk exposure differentially related to these outcomes. Greater cumulative risk burden and currently active risk states were linked to worse outcomes, highlighting the importance of considering both cumulative risk and exposure timing to inform approaches for managing modifiable risk factors and preserving brain health in aging populations.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Khudair, Tamara"],"institution":"Carleton University","degree_name":"Master of Arts (M.A.)","degree_level":"Master's","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2026,"date_issued":"2026","date_published":"2026","updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:34:36Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright © 2026 the author(s). Theses may be used for non-commercial research, educational, or related academic purposes only. Such uses include personal study, distribution to students, research and scholarship. Theses may only be shared by linking to the Carleton University Institutional Repository and no part may be copied without proper attribution to the author; no part may be used for commercial purposes directly or indirectly via a for-profit platform; no adaptation or derivative works are permitted without consent from the copyright owner."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["10.22215/etd/2026-17139"],"render_values":[{"text":"10.22215/etd/2026-17139","href":"https://doi.org/10.22215/etd/2026-17139","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14718/45296","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Khudair, Tamara"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2026-07-22T18:53:10Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2026"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Carleton University"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Master's"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Arts (M.A.)"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright © 2026 the author(s). 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This thesis examined how modifiable risk factors relate to structural brain changes and cognitive functioning in later life, focusing on cumulative burden and exposure timing. This integrated thesis includes two manuscripts using National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center data. Study 1 examined whether the cumulative burden of modifiable risk factors was associated with cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative markers, global cognition, clinical severity, episodic memory, and semantic fluency. Study 2 examined whether current versus past risk exposure differentially related to these outcomes. 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