Development of dermally absorbed copper(ii) complexes as potential anti-inflammatory drugs
type: CreativeWork
description: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating disease affecting 5% of the world's population and there is no cure. Copper(II) complexes have been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity and alleviate the symptoms associated with the disease. The present study focuses on the design of new drugs that could be used to change the bioavailability of copper(II) and hence alleviate the inflammation. The tripeptides, glycyl-L-leucyl-L-histidine (GLH), sarcosyl-L-leucyl-Lhistidine (Sar-LH), glycyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-histidine (GFH) and sarcosyl-L-phenylalanyl-Lhistidine (Sar-FH) were designed to resemble the natural in vivo copper(II) transporter, human serum albumin, so that they could be selective for copper(II). The preferred route of administration is dermal absorption and so sarcosine was added to improve the lipophilicity of the drug. This administration method was chosen since it is both nonharmful and convenient for patients. The stability of the complexes was measured using glass electrode potentiometry and their solution structure studied using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, CW-EPR spectroscopy, 1H NMR, ESI-MS and molecular modelling calculations. The presence of sarcosine did not significantly affect the stability of the complexes. Several species were found to exist in solution depending on the pH, but at pH 7, the CuLH-2 species predominated for all four tripeptides. In this species, the ligand was found to coordinate to copper(II) via the terminal amine-N, the two amide-Ns and imidazole-N, in a square planar geometry. Using a computer model of blood plasma, all four ligands were found to mobilise copper(II), without disrupting the homeostasis of nickel(II), zinc(II) or calcium(II) in the order of GFH > Sar-FH > GLH > Sar-LH. GFH increased the low molecular mass copper(II) species by 40.7 times at 0.1 mM. The lipophilicity of the complexes was estimated by measuring their octanol/water partition coefficients. All the complexes were found to be hydrophilic with log Po…
abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating disease affecting 5% of the world's population and there is no cure. Copper(II) complexes have been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity and alleviate the symptoms associated with the disease. The present study focuses on the design of new drugs that could be used to change the bioavailability of copper(II) and hence alleviate the inflammation. The tripeptides, glycyl-L-leucyl-L-histidine (GLH), sarcosyl-L-leucyl-Lhistidine (Sar-LH), glycyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-histidine (GFH) and sarcosyl-L-phenylalanyl-Lhistidine (Sar-FH) were designed to resemble the natural in vivo copper(II) transporter, human serum albumin, so that they could be selective for copper(II). The preferred route of administration is dermal absorption and so sarcosine was added to improve the lipophilicity of the drug. This administration method was chosen since it is both nonharmful and convenient for patients. The stability of the complexes was measured using glass electrode potentiometry and their solution structure studied using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, CW-EPR spectroscopy, 1H NMR, ESI-MS and molecular modelling calculations. The presence of sarcosine did not significantly affect the stability of the complexes. Several species were found to exist in solution depending on the pH, but at pH 7, the CuLH-2 species predominated for all four tripeptides. In this species, the ligand was found to coordinate to copper(II) via the terminal amine-N, the two amide-Ns and imidazole-N, in a square planar geometry. Using a computer model of blood plasma, all four ligands were found to mobilise copper(II), without disrupting the homeostasis of nickel(II), zinc(II) or calcium(II) in the order of GFH > Sar-FH > GLH > Sar-LH. GFH increased the low molecular mass copper(II) species by 40.7 times at 0.1 mM. The lipophilicity of the complexes was estimated by measuring their octanol/water partition coefficients. All the complexes were found to be hydrophilic with log Po…
author: Vicatos, Giselle Marianthi
keywords: chemistry
date published: 2021
date modified: 2026-07-22T22:23:16Z
provider: University of Cape Town
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Department of Chemistry

PropertyValue
property ID: Handle
value: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36156