Developing a mHealth-based portable ultrasound platform for breast cancer screening
Background Breast cancer is amongst the 10 most common cancers globally. The disease burden is increasing rapidly in Sub-Saharan African countries, where women living in rural and or remote areas are particularly prone to be diagnosed with late-stage breast cancer. This is due to the limited availability of advanced screening and diagnostic options. Ultrasound is a feasible screening tool for breast cancer, due to its portability, affordability and accuracy. The integration of mHealth with portable ultrasound enables the provision of screening services in rural and remote areas, through electronic consultation by a non-specialist with a specialist for interpretation and reporting of the ultrasound results. This project developed an application for a mHealth-based portable ultrasound platform that could be used by a non-specialist to provide breast cancer screening services with remote specialist support. Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted for the period of 2004 to 2019 to gather evidence on the use of mHealth-based portable ultrasound platforms for improved access to ultrasound services like breast cancer screening. The evidence from the literature was used to design and develop a prototype of an application for a mHealth-based portable ultrasound platform suitable for breast cancer screening. The prototype application was integrated with a mobile-based portable ultrasound from Philips Lumify. Images generated by scanning a phantom breast using the portable ultrasound were uploaded onto the application and downloaded from the application to demonstrate the concept. Results The systematic review showed only two clinical conditions (obstetrics and cardiovascular disease) which used a mHealth-based portable ultrasound platform. The outcomes from the studies showed improved access to the respective ultrasound services in terms of patient management, early detection, improved quality of care and increased patient attendance, which resulted in access to other services. The integration of the prototype application with a mobile-based portable ultrasound resulted into a mHealthbased portable ultrasound platform prototype intended for breast cancer screening. The ability to upload images onto the platform and download images from the platform satisfied the design requirements for the platform. Conclusion A mHealth-based portable ultrasound prototype was developed, which has potential for improving access to breast cancer screening services. Further research including testing of the application with health professionals and patients is recommended to strengthen the feasibility of the concept.
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