{"id":{"repo_id":"cape-town","oai_identifier":"oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/20834"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/cape-town/oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/20834","repository":{"repo_id":"cape-town","name":"University of Cape Town","base_url":"https://open.uct.ac.za/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Early morning urine collection to improve the sensitivity of LAM in hospitalised TB/HIV co-infected patients","abstract":"Point-of-care detection of urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a low-cost rapid TB diagnostic for use in HIV co-infected patients. However, its sensitivity in these patients is suboptimal. Strategies to improve its performance is a need. The hypothesis was that early morning urine (EMU), rather than random urine sampling, would improve LAM's sensitivity. Methods Recruitment process conducted between June 2012 and February 2014 for HIV-infected patients from four hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa presenting with possible TB (all patients initiated on TB treatment). Fresh random and early morning urine (EMU) samples (~10-30 ml) collected in sterile containers. Following the manufacturer's instructions, an Alere Determine® TB Lateral flow assay performed on each sample, using both grade 1 and 2 cut-points. A single sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/or liquid TB culture was a reference standard. Those designated probable TB patients were sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/ TB culture negative, but started on TB treatment.","abstract_html":"Point-of-care detection of urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a low-cost rapid TB diagnostic for use in HIV co-infected patients. However, its sensitivity in these patients is suboptimal. Strategies to improve its performance is a need. The hypothesis was that early morning urine (EMU), rather than random urine sampling, would improve LAM's sensitivity. Methods Recruitment process conducted between June 2012 and February 2014 for HIV-infected patients from four hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa presenting with possible TB (all patients initiated on TB treatment). Fresh random and early morning urine (EMU) samples (~10-30 ml) collected in sterile containers. Following the manufacturer's instructions, an Alere Determine® TB Lateral flow assay performed on each sample, using both grade 1 and 2 cut-points. A single sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/or liquid TB culture was a reference standard. Those designated probable TB patients were sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/ TB culture negative, but started on TB treatment.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Gina, Ntombenhle Phindile"],"institution":"Division of Pulmonology","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Dheda, Keertan","Peter, Jonathan G","Randall, Philippa"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016","date_published":"2016","updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:23:05Z","subjects":[],"languages":["eng"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20834","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Dheda, Keertan","Peter, Jonathan G","Randall, Philippa"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Gina, Ntombenhle Phindile"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2016-07-27T10:13:35Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2016-07-27T10:13:35Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2016"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["Division of Pulmonology"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["University of Cape Town"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Master Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["Masters"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["MMed"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["eng"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20834"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Point-of-care detection of urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a low-cost rapid TB diagnostic for use in HIV co-infected patients. However, its sensitivity in these patients is suboptimal. Strategies to improve its performance is a need. The hypothesis was that early morning urine (EMU), rather than random urine sampling, would improve LAM's sensitivity. Methods Recruitment process conducted between June 2012 and February 2014 for HIV-infected patients from four hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa presenting with possible TB (all patients initiated on TB treatment). Fresh random and early morning urine (EMU) samples (~10-30 ml) collected in sterile containers. Following the manufacturer's instructions, an Alere Determine® TB Lateral flow assay performed on each sample, using both grade 1 and 2 cut-points. A single sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/or liquid TB culture was a reference standard. Those designated probable TB patients were sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/ TB culture negative, but started on TB treatment."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Early morning urine collection to improve the sensitivity of LAM in hospitalised TB/HIV co-infected patients"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Dheda, Keertan","Peter, Jonathan G","Randall, Philippa"],"dc:creator":["Gina, Ntombenhle Phindile"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2016-07-27T10:13:35Z"],"dc:date.available":["2016-07-27T10:13:35Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2016"],"dc:description.abstract":["Point-of-care detection of urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a low-cost rapid TB diagnostic for use in HIV co-infected patients. However, its sensitivity in these patients is suboptimal. Strategies to improve its performance is a need. The hypothesis was that early morning urine (EMU), rather than random urine sampling, would improve LAM's sensitivity. Methods Recruitment process conducted between June 2012 and February 2014 for HIV-infected patients from four hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa presenting with possible TB (all patients initiated on TB treatment). Fresh random and early morning urine (EMU) samples (~10-30 ml) collected in sterile containers. Following the manufacturer's instructions, an Alere Determine® TB Lateral flow assay performed on each sample, using both grade 1 and 2 cut-points. A single sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/or liquid TB culture was a reference standard. Those designated probable TB patients were sputum Xpert MTB/RIF and/ TB culture negative, but started on TB treatment."],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20834"],"dc:language.iso":["eng"],"dc:publisher.department":["Division of Pulmonology"],"dc:publisher.institution":["University of Cape Town"],"dc:title":["Early morning urine collection to improve the sensitivity of LAM in hospitalised TB/HIV co-infected patients"],"dc:type":["Master Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["Masters"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["MMed"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:23:05Z"}