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University of Cambridge

Political Liberalism and LGBTQ+ Citizens

Abstract

dc:description.abstract

The key contention of this thesis is that freedom and equality have still not been secured for LGBTQ+ citizens in liberal societies. This thesis identifies several areas in which LGBTQ+ citizens still face injustice, in both the law and the family. It leverages the theoretical resources of political liberalism – a substantive normative ideal of freedom and equality – to diagnose those injustices and justify measures to secure the free and equal standing of LGBTQ+ citizens. Where those theoretical resources do not exist, this thesis develops them. The Introduction motivates the thesis’s focus on LGBTQ+ citizens in liberal societies and justifies the choice of political liberalism as the appropriate normative framework by which to analyse the injustice LGBTQ+ citizens in those societies still face. Chapters 1 and 2 critically examine the morality of denials of service to LGBTQ+ customers in the marketplace for same-sex wedding cakes. Chapter 3 identifies an expressive harm of conversion therapy and suggests a liberal approach for regulating conversion therapy on the basis of that harm. Chapter 4 develops a political liberal conception of self-respect. Chapter 5 uses that conception to argue for a duty on parents to refrain from expressing heterosexist beliefs to their children. The Afterword identifies that political liberalism, correctly understood, is not a formal doctrine of equality but a strongly expressive doctrine of equality. It also warns liberals that the future of LGBTQ+ rights is under threat amid rising homophobia and transphobia in liberal societies.

Degree

thesis:*
Name dc:type.qualificationname
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Level dc:type.qualificationlevel
Doctoral
Grantor dc:publisher.institution
University of Cambridge
Year dc:date.issued
2025

Author and committee

dc:creator, dc:contributor.*
Author dc:creator
  • Cole, Samuel
Advisor dc:contributor.advisor
  • Chambers, Clare

Subjects

dc:subject × 4

Rights

dc:rights
Language dc:language
eng

Identifiers

dc:identifier.*
Author Identifier
0000-0002-3199-7486
OAI identifier oai:identifier
oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/393378

Chain of custody

source
Harvested from
Cambridge University
Base URL
api.repository.cam.ac.uk/server/oai/request
Last updated
2026-07-22
Source record
OAI-PMH GetRecord
citation

Cole, Samuel. Political Liberalism and LGBTQ+ Citizens. Doctoral thesis, University of Cambridge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.123728