First World War memory and national mythmaking in capital cities - horizontality and verticality in London, Paris, and Budapest
The thesis investigates the influence national WWI commemorations had on the urban landscape in capital cities, London, Paris and Budapest. It analyses how the urban space has changed its physical, symbolic and temporal layers during the hundred years between the end of WWI war and the WWI centenary celebrations, following the changes in national memory narratives. The research relies on memorials inaugurated in London, Paris and Budapest since 1914, newspapers published during the recent centenary years, archive documents, and commemorative events held during the Centenary Armistice Day in the capital cities studied. The mixed-method research applied Critical Discourse, Content and GIS Analyses to the collected sources, and has been facilitated by computational techniques. Regarding the theoretical framework, the thesis defines vertical and horizontal means of communicating memory narratives, as well as vertical and horizontal changes in the urban landscape. The thesis follows this verticality and horizontality in the three cities with the help of textual, visual, spatial and ethnographic sources.
heritage, Paris, London, Budapest, WWI, First World War, nationalism, urbanism
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