{"id":{"repo_id":"calgary","oai_identifier":"oai:ucalgary.scholaris.ca:1880/112374"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/calgary/oai:ucalgary.scholaris.ca:1880/112374","repository":{"repo_id":"calgary","name":"University of Calgary","base_url":"https://ucalgary.scholaris.ca/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine Based Hydrogen Sulfide Scavenger Behavior Study and Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry","abstract":"Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an environmentally hazardous, corrosive and toxic gas in oil and gas productions. It must be removed to meet the pre-determined specification. There are many chemicals being used in the gas sweetening process. Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine is one of the common H2S scavengers in use. The objective of this research was to review different chemistries and field applications applicable as H2S scavengers in oil and gas, understand the Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine’s properties and behaviors in the sweetening process, and determine technical achievements on custom-made finished blends for successful field applications. The Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine is synthesized by the reaction of formaldehyde and monoethanolamine (MEA). Triazine, water, free formaldehyde or free MEA are fundamental components. Each ingredient has its unique function in process scavenging H2S. There are three steps for triazine’s chemical reaction absorbing H2S. Free formaldehyde can boost the capacity and breakthrough efficiency. However, it makes triazine degradation for shorter shelf life as well. A sufficient water amount, minimum 40% more than triazine, is a must to avoid pre-mature breakthrough in bubble tower uses. Triazine based H2S scavengers are custom made blends for field use. Besides the Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine, other factors such as the solvent package, other additives, plant synthesis, low temperature operation, spent solids treatment, sour liquid sweetening and capacity monitoring are all important considerations for successful H2S sweetening applications in the western Canadian oil and gas industry.","abstract_html":"Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an environmentally hazardous, corrosive and toxic gas in oil and gas productions. It must be removed to meet the pre-determined specification. There are many chemicals being used in the gas sweetening process. Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine is one of the common H2S scavengers in use. The objective of this research was to review different chemistries and field applications applicable as H2S scavengers in oil and gas, understand the Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine’s properties and behaviors in the sweetening process, and determine technical achievements on custom-made finished blends for successful field applications. The Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine is synthesized by the reaction of formaldehyde and monoethanolamine (MEA). Triazine, water, free formaldehyde or free MEA are fundamental components. Each ingredient has its unique function in process scavenging H2S. There are three steps for triazine’s chemical reaction absorbing H2S. Free formaldehyde can boost the capacity and breakthrough efficiency. However, it makes triazine degradation for shorter shelf life as well. A sufficient water amount, minimum 40% more than triazine, is a must to avoid pre-mature breakthrough in bubble tower uses. Triazine based H2S scavengers are custom made blends for field use. Besides the Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine, other factors such as the solvent package, other additives, plant synthesis, low temperature operation, spent solids treatment, sour liquid sweetening and capacity monitoring are all important considerations for successful H2S sweetening applications in the western Canadian oil and gas industry.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Du, Steven Yuhai"],"institution":"Schulich School of Engineering","degree_name":"Master of Engineering (MEng)","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":"Engineering – Chemical & Petroleum","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Chen, Zhangxing"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":["Song, Hua","Sumon, Kazi Z."],"year":2020,"date_issued":"2020-08-03","date_published":"2020-08-03","updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:30:36Z","subjects":["Triazine","Hydrogen sulfide scavenger","Formaldehyde","Monoethanolamine","Oil and Gas"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/38065"],"render_values":[{"text":"http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/38065","href":"http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/38065","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1880/112374","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Chen, Zhangxing"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.committeemember","label":"Committee Member","values":["Song, Hua","Sumon, Kazi Z."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Du, Steven Yuhai"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2020-08"]},{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2020-08-10T13:48:46Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2020-08-10T13:48:46Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2020-08-03"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["University of Calgary"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["master thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Engineering – Chemical & Petroleum"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Engineering (MEng)"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Calgary"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Triazine","Hydrogen sulfide scavenger","Formaldehyde","Monoethanolamine","Oil and Gas"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. 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The objective of this research was to review different chemistries and field applications applicable as H2S scavengers in oil and gas, understand the Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine’s properties and behaviors in the sweetening process, and determine technical achievements on custom-made finished blends for successful field applications. The Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine is synthesized by the reaction of formaldehyde and monoethanolamine (MEA). Triazine, water, free formaldehyde or free MEA are fundamental components. Each ingredient has its unique function in process scavenging H2S. There are three steps for triazine’s chemical reaction absorbing H2S. Free formaldehyde can boost the capacity and breakthrough efficiency. However, it makes triazine degradation for shorter shelf life as well. A sufficient water amount, minimum 40% more than triazine, is a must to avoid pre-mature breakthrough in bubble tower uses. Triazine based H2S scavengers are custom made blends for field use. Besides the Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine, other factors such as the solvent package, other additives, plant synthesis, low temperature operation, spent solids treatment, sour liquid sweetening and capacity monitoring are all important considerations for successful H2S sweetening applications in the western Canadian oil and gas industry."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine Based Hydrogen Sulfide Scavenger Behavior Study and Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Chen, Zhangxing"],"dc:contributor.committeemember":["Song, Hua","Sumon, Kazi Z."],"dc:creator":["Du, Steven Yuhai"],"dc:date":["2020-08"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2020-08-10T13:48:46Z"],"dc:date.available":["2020-08-10T13:48:46Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2020-08-03"],"dc:description.abstract":["Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an environmentally hazardous, corrosive and toxic gas in oil and gas productions. It must be removed to meet the pre-determined specification. There are many chemicals being used in the gas sweetening process. Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine is one of the common H2S scavengers in use. The objective of this research was to review different chemistries and field applications applicable as H2S scavengers in oil and gas, understand the Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine’s properties and behaviors in the sweetening process, and determine technical achievements on custom-made finished blends for successful field applications. The Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine is synthesized by the reaction of formaldehyde and monoethanolamine (MEA). Triazine, water, free formaldehyde or free MEA are fundamental components. Each ingredient has its unique function in process scavenging H2S. There are three steps for triazine’s chemical reaction absorbing H2S. Free formaldehyde can boost the capacity and breakthrough efficiency. However, it makes triazine degradation for shorter shelf life as well. A sufficient water amount, minimum 40% more than triazine, is a must to avoid pre-mature breakthrough in bubble tower uses. Triazine based H2S scavengers are custom made blends for field use. Besides the Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine, other factors such as the solvent package, other additives, plant synthesis, low temperature operation, spent solids treatment, sour liquid sweetening and capacity monitoring are all important considerations for successful H2S sweetening applications in the western Canadian oil and gas industry."],"dc:identifier.doi":["http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/38065"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/1880/112374"],"dc:language.iso":["eng"],"dc:publisher.institution":["University of Calgary"],"dc:rights":["University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission."],"dc:subject":["Triazine","Hydrogen sulfide scavenger","Formaldehyde","Monoethanolamine","Oil and Gas"],"dc:title":["Formaldehyde-MEA Triazine Based Hydrogen Sulfide Scavenger Behavior Study and Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry"],"dc:type":["master thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Engineering – Chemical & Petroleum"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Engineering (MEng)"],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Calgary"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:30:36Z"}