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This thesis first reviews the literature on sustainability and sustainable transport to develop a framework to analyze public transit and then applies the framework to 33 mass transit systems from the USA using the National Transit Database. The Public Transit Sustainable Mobility Analysis Project (PTSMAP) framework developed in this thesis utilizes environmental, economic, social and system effectiveness factors to compare the relative performance of Heavy Rail and Light rail systems while demonstrating how composite sustainability index techniques can be applied to public transit analysis. An application of this framework to a real world transit planning scenario is also presented using data from the TransLink UBC Line Phase 2 study report. 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