{"id":{"repo_id":"buffalo","oai_identifier":"oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/86677"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/buffalo/oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/86677","repository":{"repo_id":"buffalo","name":"Buffalo","base_url":"https://ubir.buffalo.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Seismic Interaction of High-Voltage Substation Equipment Interconnected by Flexible-Bus Conductors","abstract":"Ph.D.","abstract_html":"Ph.D.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Fu, Yushan"],"institution":"State University of New York at Buffalo","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Sivaselvan, Mettupalayam","Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-02-21T21:36:21Z","date_published":"2025-02-21T21:36:21Z","updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:34Z","subjects":["civil engineering"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10477/86677","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Sivaselvan, Mettupalayam","Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Fu, Yushan"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2025-02-21T21:36:21Z","2020"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["State University of New York at Buffalo"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Text","Dissertation"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["civil engineering"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/86677"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Ph.D.","Substations are key parts of the electrical power grid, and consist of different types of equipment such as transformers, circuit breakers, surge arresters, disconnect switches and post insulators. In addition to electrical design considerations, these equipment must be qualified for seismic safety in accordance with IEEE standards. Currently, such qualification does not explicitly account for interaction between interconnected equipment through flexible-bus conductors. Instead, the standards recommend providing significant slack between interconnected equipment, so that the effect of interconnection is minimized. Such slack is often impractical for utility companies, due to electrical clearance requirements, and stability considerations under wind and ice loading. Furthermore, the standards presume that sudden tautness may develop in conductors due to diverging relative displacements of the equipment. To account for this effect and possible nonlinear dynamic response of conductors, the standards specify additional terminal forces or equipment base moments to be considered in seismic qualification. Such additional forces/moments would render much of current qualification invalid. Therefore, there is interest among utilities in quantifying the actual effects of interaction to possibly adapt the standards with less conservative measures. Such quantification is the focus of this research. Experiments were carried out with interconnected equipment and various flexible conductor types commonly used by utilities. Forces and moments at the conductor terminals as well as equipment base moments were measured. A new computational method was developed to model conductor dynamics. Based on experiments and computational modeling, nonlinear dynamics is found to be due to parametric resonances between in-plane and out-of-plane modes. However, violent conductor dynamics due to such nonlinear coupling does not occur in interconnected equipment subjected to transient ground motion. Nonlinear coupling mildly affects the response of interconnected equipment, causing slight aberrations in terminal forces, but does not significantly influence equipment base moments. Besides the mild occurrences of nonlinearity, the response of the interconnected system is essentially linear, and modal analysis is applicable. The mode involving diverging relative displacements has smaller participation in the interconnected system response; the mode with the equipment displacing together largely determines the overall response, particularly base moments. These findings are envisioned to form a basis to rationally adapt IEEE standards for seismic qualification of equipment better accounting for interconnection through flexible conductors.","**To request an accessible version of the file(s) associated with this item, contact library@buffalo.edu. Please include the item's persistent URL [http://hdl.handle.net/. . .] in your request.**"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Seismic Interaction of High-Voltage Substation Equipment Interconnected by Flexible-Bus Conductors"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Sivaselvan, Mettupalayam","Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering"],"dc:creator":["Fu, Yushan"],"dc:date":["2025-02-21T21:36:21Z","2020"],"dc:description":["Ph.D.","Substations are key parts of the electrical power grid, and consist of different types of equipment such as transformers, circuit breakers, surge arresters, disconnect switches and post insulators. In addition to electrical design considerations, these equipment must be qualified for seismic safety in accordance with IEEE standards. Currently, such qualification does not explicitly account for interaction between interconnected equipment through flexible-bus conductors. Instead, the standards recommend providing significant slack between interconnected equipment, so that the effect of interconnection is minimized. Such slack is often impractical for utility companies, due to electrical clearance requirements, and stability considerations under wind and ice loading. Furthermore, the standards presume that sudden tautness may develop in conductors due to diverging relative displacements of the equipment. To account for this effect and possible nonlinear dynamic response of conductors, the standards specify additional terminal forces or equipment base moments to be considered in seismic qualification. Such additional forces/moments would render much of current qualification invalid. Therefore, there is interest among utilities in quantifying the actual effects of interaction to possibly adapt the standards with less conservative measures. Such quantification is the focus of this research. Experiments were carried out with interconnected equipment and various flexible conductor types commonly used by utilities. Forces and moments at the conductor terminals as well as equipment base moments were measured. A new computational method was developed to model conductor dynamics. Based on experiments and computational modeling, nonlinear dynamics is found to be due to parametric resonances between in-plane and out-of-plane modes. However, violent conductor dynamics due to such nonlinear coupling does not occur in interconnected equipment subjected to transient ground motion. Nonlinear coupling mildly affects the response of interconnected equipment, causing slight aberrations in terminal forces, but does not significantly influence equipment base moments. Besides the mild occurrences of nonlinearity, the response of the interconnected system is essentially linear, and modal analysis is applicable. The mode involving diverging relative displacements has smaller participation in the interconnected system response; the mode with the equipment displacing together largely determines the overall response, particularly base moments. These findings are envisioned to form a basis to rationally adapt IEEE standards for seismic qualification of equipment better accounting for interconnection through flexible conductors.","**To request an accessible version of the file(s) associated with this item, contact library@buffalo.edu. Please include the item's persistent URL [http://hdl.handle.net/. . .] in your request.**"],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/86677"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:publisher":["State University of New York at Buffalo"],"dc:rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"dc:subject":["civil engineering"],"dc:title":["Seismic Interaction of High-Voltage Substation Equipment Interconnected by Flexible-Bus Conductors"],"dc:type":["Text","Dissertation"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:34Z"}