{"id":{"repo_id":"buffalo","oai_identifier":"oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/80853"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/buffalo/oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/80853","repository":{"repo_id":"buffalo","name":"Buffalo","base_url":"https://ubir.buffalo.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Assessment of Various Delivery Methods of Menthol in Cigarettes Sold in the U.S.","abstract":"Ph.D.","abstract_html":"Ph.D.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Schneller, Liane; 0000-0002-9575-2672"],"institution":"State University of New York at Buffalo","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["O'Connor, Richard","Roswell Park"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-10-29T16:47:34Z","date_published":"2019-10-29T16:47:34Z","updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:25Z","subjects":["public health","cancer prevention and control"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10477/80853","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["O'Connor, Richard","Roswell Park"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Schneller, Liane; 0000-0002-9575-2672"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-10-29T16:47:34Z","2019","2019-07-18 16:11:51"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["State University of New York at Buffalo"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Text","Dissertation"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["public health","cancer prevention and control"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/80853"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Ph.D.","Menthol flavor masks the harshness of cigarette smoke and creates a minty taste, which contributes to initiation and continued use. Menthol can be added to cigarettes in the tobacco, via a crushable filter capsule, or a combination of these methods, potentially altering consumer subjective responses. Camel Crush (capsule only), Camel Menthol (tobacco and capsule), and Marlboro NXT (capsule only) are the only products available in the US with a crushable filter capsule. Three studies were proposed to better understand the impact of different delivery methods of menthol in cigarettes from the US on consumer sensory attributes, perceived risk and appeal, and smoking behavior. In Study 1, findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Waves 1 and 2 indicate that young adult smokers (18-24 years of age) were more likely to use a cigarette product with a filter capsule compared to non-mentholated cigarette users. In addition, consumers of capsule cigarettes were more likely to choose their brand because of the taste and pack design compared to non-mentholated cigarette users. Finally, after adjustment for demographic and smoking behavior characteristics, the delivery method of menthol was not found to be associated with successful cessation, nicotine dependence, or past quit attempts compared to non-mentholated cigarette users. In Study 2, product design features, including nicotine and menthol concentrations, were compared by mentholation status. Menthol concentrations were significantly different between the various delivery methods of menthol. No other cigarette design characteristics (e.g., tobacco density, cigarette length, filter ventilation) were found to be significantly different. In Study 3, current, established menthol smokers were asked to sample Camel Crush and Camel Menthol cigarette products, crushed and uncrushed. The various delivery methods of menthol do not seem to impact sensory perceptions, perceived risk, or smoking behavior among current adult smokers of mentholated cigarettes. In sum, the use of a capsule in the cigarette filter, with or without menthol as a characterizing flavor in the tobacco, does not appear to make the cigarette product more satisfying or affect smoking behaviors compared other mentholated cigarette products. However, these products are most popular among the vulnerable, young adult population, likely due to the novelty of the crushable filter capsule. Public health officials might consider banning the crushable filter capsule to reduce youth and young adult initiation as the innovative technology of the filter capsule is appealing."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Assessment of Various Delivery Methods of Menthol in Cigarettes Sold in the U.S."]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["O'Connor, Richard","Roswell Park"],"dc:creator":["Schneller, Liane; 0000-0002-9575-2672"],"dc:date":["2019-10-29T16:47:34Z","2019","2019-07-18 16:11:51"],"dc:description":["Ph.D.","Menthol flavor masks the harshness of cigarette smoke and creates a minty taste, which contributes to initiation and continued use. Menthol can be added to cigarettes in the tobacco, via a crushable filter capsule, or a combination of these methods, potentially altering consumer subjective responses. Camel Crush (capsule only), Camel Menthol (tobacco and capsule), and Marlboro NXT (capsule only) are the only products available in the US with a crushable filter capsule. Three studies were proposed to better understand the impact of different delivery methods of menthol in cigarettes from the US on consumer sensory attributes, perceived risk and appeal, and smoking behavior. In Study 1, findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Waves 1 and 2 indicate that young adult smokers (18-24 years of age) were more likely to use a cigarette product with a filter capsule compared to non-mentholated cigarette users. In addition, consumers of capsule cigarettes were more likely to choose their brand because of the taste and pack design compared to non-mentholated cigarette users. Finally, after adjustment for demographic and smoking behavior characteristics, the delivery method of menthol was not found to be associated with successful cessation, nicotine dependence, or past quit attempts compared to non-mentholated cigarette users. In Study 2, product design features, including nicotine and menthol concentrations, were compared by mentholation status. Menthol concentrations were significantly different between the various delivery methods of menthol. No other cigarette design characteristics (e.g., tobacco density, cigarette length, filter ventilation) were found to be significantly different. In Study 3, current, established menthol smokers were asked to sample Camel Crush and Camel Menthol cigarette products, crushed and uncrushed. The various delivery methods of menthol do not seem to impact sensory perceptions, perceived risk, or smoking behavior among current adult smokers of mentholated cigarettes. In sum, the use of a capsule in the cigarette filter, with or without menthol as a characterizing flavor in the tobacco, does not appear to make the cigarette product more satisfying or affect smoking behaviors compared other mentholated cigarette products. However, these products are most popular among the vulnerable, young adult population, likely due to the novelty of the crushable filter capsule. Public health officials might consider banning the crushable filter capsule to reduce youth and young adult initiation as the innovative technology of the filter capsule is appealing."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/80853"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:publisher":["State University of New York at Buffalo"],"dc:rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"dc:subject":["public health","cancer prevention and control"],"dc:title":["Assessment of Various Delivery Methods of Menthol in Cigarettes Sold in the U.S."],"dc:type":["Text","Dissertation"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:25Z"}