{"id":{"repo_id":"buffalo","oai_identifier":"oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/79445"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/buffalo/oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/79445","repository":{"repo_id":"buffalo","name":"Buffalo","base_url":"https://ubir.buffalo.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Bioprospecting Three Plants from the Tropical Rainforest as Potential Antimicrobial Adjuvants","abstract":"Ph.D.","abstract_html":"Ph.D.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Nitsch-Velasquez, Lucia; 0000-0002-8804-2875"],"institution":"State University of New York at Buffalo","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Aga, Diana","Chemistry"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-04-04T20:33:18Z","date_published":"2019-04-04T20:33:18Z","updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:19Z","subjects":["chemistry","agronomy","micro"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10477/79445","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Aga, Diana","Chemistry"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Nitsch-Velasquez, Lucia; 0000-0002-8804-2875"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-04-04T20:33:18Z","2019","2019-01-26 13:14:43"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["State University of New York at Buffalo"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Text","Dissertation"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["chemistry","agronomy","micro"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/79445"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Ph.D.","Background: The 'resistance bacteria era' is intrinsically related to the hospital acquired infections (HAI). The most frequent HAI causal agent in the USA is multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA, a priority of the Center for Disease Control for development for development of new drug treatments. A HAI key treatment is the oto and nephrotoxic aminoglycosides. One strategy is to enhance the antibiotic activity of antibiotics by combination with NPs, e.g., amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate. Solutions for this urgent worldwide need can derive from bioprospecting species, specially from biodiversity rich countries e.g., the Guatemalan rainforests. Bioprospecting studies are envisioned under a business framework that are economic, social and eco-sustainable in the long term. Microbiological Activity: The enhancement of the bactericidal activity of commercially available aminoglycosides (GEN, VAN) by polar extracts from three Guatemalan rain forest plants were evaluated: the cosmetic oil producer palm Attalea cohune (Ac and fraction Acllk), the Catholic relic Bourreria huanita (Bh), and the food spice Dysphania ambrosioides (Da). The antibiotics' minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) against MRSA-USA-300 was reduced to 1/16MBCc£N at 9.9 Acl lk mg/mL (synergistic effects), and to 1/2MBCvAN at 94 Acl lk mg/mL (additive effects), and to 1/4MBCcEN at 136 mg/mL ethanolic extract of Bh. The Da-ascaridol-less leaves' extracts enhanced the growth of Erwinia carotovora (reduced the doubling time from 17 min to 12.5 min), hinting out that they may be potentially useful for the probiotics' industry. Composition analysis: With an emphasis in natural products dereplication by chemoinformatics tools, the experimental data gathered (HR-MS, FTIR, H-NMR spectroscopies) and the computational-assisted structure elucidation scheme were applied to derive the proposed structure of a new chemical entity probably present in Acl lk sample, Corozine A : a non-basic alkaloid with several putative ring types : (Z)-4-ethyl- l,2,6,7-tetrahydro 6,9-(methanoazenometheno) pyrrolo [2, l-d] [ l,5] oxazonine. Two additional potential targets related to sugars metabolism were found with ligand similarity search engines. Corozine A and the other extracts studied are of interest for further research to improve its commercial exploitation. The vision of new commercial products derived from A. cohune would require a pilot project that re-engineers the extraction of fatty acids, essential oil, and alkaloids from the same raw material. Keywords: natural products, antimicrobial adjuvants, antibiotic activity, microdilution method, agar dilution method, antibiotic gradient concentration method, fractional inhibibitory concentration index, FICI, gentamicin, vancomycin, probiotics, bioprospecting, botanical extracts, alkaloids, H-NMR spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR, High Resolution Mass Spectrometry, HR-MS, chemoinformatics, Attalea cohune, Bourreria huanita, Dysphania ambrosioides, corozo, Saint Peter of Betancur tree, apazote."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Bioprospecting Three Plants from the Tropical Rainforest as Potential Antimicrobial Adjuvants"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Aga, Diana","Chemistry"],"dc:creator":["Nitsch-Velasquez, Lucia; 0000-0002-8804-2875"],"dc:date":["2019-04-04T20:33:18Z","2019","2019-01-26 13:14:43"],"dc:description":["Ph.D.","Background: The 'resistance bacteria era' is intrinsically related to the hospital acquired infections (HAI). The most frequent HAI causal agent in the USA is multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA, a priority of the Center for Disease Control for development for development of new drug treatments. A HAI key treatment is the oto and nephrotoxic aminoglycosides. One strategy is to enhance the antibiotic activity of antibiotics by combination with NPs, e.g., amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate. Solutions for this urgent worldwide need can derive from bioprospecting species, specially from biodiversity rich countries e.g., the Guatemalan rainforests. Bioprospecting studies are envisioned under a business framework that are economic, social and eco-sustainable in the long term. Microbiological Activity: The enhancement of the bactericidal activity of commercially available aminoglycosides (GEN, VAN) by polar extracts from three Guatemalan rain forest plants were evaluated: the cosmetic oil producer palm Attalea cohune (Ac and fraction Acllk), the Catholic relic Bourreria huanita (Bh), and the food spice Dysphania ambrosioides (Da). The antibiotics' minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) against MRSA-USA-300 was reduced to 1/16MBCc£N at 9.9 Acl lk mg/mL (synergistic effects), and to 1/2MBCvAN at 94 Acl lk mg/mL (additive effects), and to 1/4MBCcEN at 136 mg/mL ethanolic extract of Bh. The Da-ascaridol-less leaves' extracts enhanced the growth of Erwinia carotovora (reduced the doubling time from 17 min to 12.5 min), hinting out that they may be potentially useful for the probiotics' industry. Composition analysis: With an emphasis in natural products dereplication by chemoinformatics tools, the experimental data gathered (HR-MS, FTIR, H-NMR spectroscopies) and the computational-assisted structure elucidation scheme were applied to derive the proposed structure of a new chemical entity probably present in Acl lk sample, Corozine A : a non-basic alkaloid with several putative ring types : (Z)-4-ethyl- l,2,6,7-tetrahydro 6,9-(methanoazenometheno) pyrrolo [2, l-d] [ l,5] oxazonine. Two additional potential targets related to sugars metabolism were found with ligand similarity search engines. Corozine A and the other extracts studied are of interest for further research to improve its commercial exploitation. The vision of new commercial products derived from A. cohune would require a pilot project that re-engineers the extraction of fatty acids, essential oil, and alkaloids from the same raw material. Keywords: natural products, antimicrobial adjuvants, antibiotic activity, microdilution method, agar dilution method, antibiotic gradient concentration method, fractional inhibibitory concentration index, FICI, gentamicin, vancomycin, probiotics, bioprospecting, botanical extracts, alkaloids, H-NMR spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR, High Resolution Mass Spectrometry, HR-MS, chemoinformatics, Attalea cohune, Bourreria huanita, Dysphania ambrosioides, corozo, Saint Peter of Betancur tree, apazote."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/79445"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:publisher":["State University of New York at Buffalo"],"dc:rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"dc:subject":["chemistry","agronomy","micro"],"dc:title":["Bioprospecting Three Plants from the Tropical Rainforest as Potential Antimicrobial Adjuvants"],"dc:type":["Text","Dissertation"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:19Z"}