{"id":{"repo_id":"buffalo","oai_identifier":"oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/79392"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/buffalo/oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/79392","repository":{"repo_id":"buffalo","name":"Buffalo","base_url":"https://ubir.buffalo.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in Urine and Environmental Samples via Liquid and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry","abstract":"M.A.","abstract_html":"M.A.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Wombacher, Rebecca; 0000-0003-3716-2487"],"institution":"State University of New York at Buffalo","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Aga, Diana","Chemistry"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-04-04T20:32:15Z","date_published":"2019-04-04T20:32:15Z","updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:16Z","subjects":["analytical chemistry","environmental science"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10477/79392","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Aga, Diana","Chemistry"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Wombacher, Rebecca; 0000-0003-3716-2487"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019-04-04T20:32:15Z","2019","2019-01-14 12:00:43"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["State University of New York at Buffalo"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Text","Thesis"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["analytical chemistry","environmental science"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/79392"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["M.A.","Human urine source separation is a viable way to reduce nutrient loading on wastewater treatment plants and in the aquatic environment. By diverting urine into collection bins it can be concentrated and processed as a fertilizer, offering a natural source of nitrogen and phosphorous nutrients that are vital for plant growth. Diverting urine away from wastewater systems will also abate the introduction of micropollutants, such as pharmaceuticals and hormones, into wastewater, which may cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms. The goal of this project is to assess the uptake of pharmaceuticals and hormones by plants fertilized with urine-derived fertilizers. The extraction of pharmaceuticals in concentrated human urine was optimized for LC separation and analysis via tandem mass spectrometry. Acetaminophen, caffeine, ibuprofen, and naproxen were frequently detected in human urine and urine-derived fertilizer products at concentrations ranging from approximately 60-3000 ng/mL. The derivatization of four estrogens was optimized for gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Optimal parameters were determined to be 60°C for 30 minutes with a 2:1 derivatizing agent-to-estrogens ratio (v/v). A method for the extraction and detection of estrogens in carrot tissue was developed by varying solvents for solid-liquid extraction prior to solid phase extraction. Ethanol was determined to be the ideal solvent for extraction, providing estrogen recoveries ranging from 21-105%. The risk of using urine as a fertilizer can ultimately be assessed by first better understanding the uptake of the pharmaceuticals and hormones found within the urine-fertilized crops. Future studies are warranted since several pharmaceuticals at appreciable concentrations were frequently detected in urine-derived fertilizers."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in Urine and Environmental Samples via Liquid and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Aga, Diana","Chemistry"],"dc:creator":["Wombacher, Rebecca; 0000-0003-3716-2487"],"dc:date":["2019-04-04T20:32:15Z","2019","2019-01-14 12:00:43"],"dc:description":["M.A.","Human urine source separation is a viable way to reduce nutrient loading on wastewater treatment plants and in the aquatic environment. By diverting urine into collection bins it can be concentrated and processed as a fertilizer, offering a natural source of nitrogen and phosphorous nutrients that are vital for plant growth. Diverting urine away from wastewater systems will also abate the introduction of micropollutants, such as pharmaceuticals and hormones, into wastewater, which may cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms. The goal of this project is to assess the uptake of pharmaceuticals and hormones by plants fertilized with urine-derived fertilizers. The extraction of pharmaceuticals in concentrated human urine was optimized for LC separation and analysis via tandem mass spectrometry. Acetaminophen, caffeine, ibuprofen, and naproxen were frequently detected in human urine and urine-derived fertilizer products at concentrations ranging from approximately 60-3000 ng/mL. The derivatization of four estrogens was optimized for gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Optimal parameters were determined to be 60°C for 30 minutes with a 2:1 derivatizing agent-to-estrogens ratio (v/v). A method for the extraction and detection of estrogens in carrot tissue was developed by varying solvents for solid-liquid extraction prior to solid phase extraction. Ethanol was determined to be the ideal solvent for extraction, providing estrogen recoveries ranging from 21-105%. The risk of using urine as a fertilizer can ultimately be assessed by first better understanding the uptake of the pharmaceuticals and hormones found within the urine-fertilized crops. Future studies are warranted since several pharmaceuticals at appreciable concentrations were frequently detected in urine-derived fertilizers."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/79392"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:publisher":["State University of New York at Buffalo"],"dc:rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"dc:subject":["analytical chemistry","environmental science"],"dc:title":["Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in Urine and Environmental Samples via Liquid and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry"],"dc:type":["Text","Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:16Z"}