{"id":{"repo_id":"buffalo","oai_identifier":"oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/77929"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/buffalo/oai:ubir.buffalo.edu:10477/77929","repository":{"repo_id":"buffalo","name":"Buffalo","base_url":"https://ubir.buffalo.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The Effects of ALAD Genotype and Blood Lead Levels on Anthropometric Measures in a Cohort of Mexican Children","abstract":"M.S.","abstract_html":"M.S.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Kerr, Brendan; 0000-0003-2233-6464"],"institution":"State University of New York at Buffalo","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Kordas, Katarzyna","Epidemiology and Environmental Health"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-06-28T18:32:25Z","date_published":"2018-06-28T18:32:25Z","updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:05Z","subjects":["epidemiology","public health"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10477/77929","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Kordas, Katarzyna","Epidemiology and Environmental Health"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Kerr, Brendan; 0000-0003-2233-6464"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2018-06-28T18:32:25Z","2018","2018-05-13 14:08:49"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["State University of New York at Buffalo"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Text","Thesis"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["epidemiology","public health"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/77929"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["M.S.","Objectives: Lead exposure has been shown to affect children's growth, but this relationship may depend on the presence of susceptibility factors, including genetic variation. Blood lead levels (BLL) differ between groups with different variants of the ALAD gene, which encodes the enzyme aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) that participates in heme synthesis. We investigated the association between BLL growth over 12-months in a cohort of Mexican first-graders. We also tested for effect modification of this relationship by ALAD genotype. Methods: The study enrolled 602 children attending schools within the vicinity of a metal foundry in Torreon, Mexico. Anthropometry was assessed at baseline (height, height-for-age z-score (HAZ), knee height, head circumference), 6-months (head circumference) and at 12-month follow-up (height, HAZ, knee height). BLL was measured via atomic absorption spectrophotometry, adapted with a graphite furnace detector. ALAD genotype was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis and grouped for analysis as ALAD1-1 and ALAD1- 2;2 -2. Our sample included 447 participants who had complete data for all three visits. We used multivariable linear regression models adjusted for covariates to test the association between BLL and each anthropometric measure at baseline and at follow-up. Covariates included serum ferritin, hemoglobin, crowding, and maternal education measured at baseline. When the BLL x ALAD genotype interaction term was statistically significant (p<0.15), we stratified by ALAD genotype. Results: The median BLL was 10.20 μg/dL and did not differ by ALAD genotype. After covariate adjustment, baseline BLL was inversely associated with baseline height (P=-0.11; p=0.003), HAZ (P=-0.02; p=0.002) and knee height (P=-0.05 cm; p=0.001). The interaction terms for BLL xALAD were significant in models examining baseline height (p=0.05), knee height (p=0.09), and HAZ (p=0.05). When stratified by genotype, we observed larger effect sizes in the association between BLL and baseline height (P=-0.39; p=0.018), knee height (P=-0.14; p=0.027), and HAZ (P=-0.07; p=0.014) in individuals withALAD1-2;2-2(n=32) than in individuals withALAD1-1 (n=415). Results of the stratified adjusted models were significant in both the ALAD1-2;2-2and ALAD1-1 groups. No associations between BLL and growth at 6 or 12 months were detected irrespective ofALAD genotype. Conclusions: Higher BLL was adversely associated with anthropometric measures among Mexican children exposed to moderately high levels of lead. Our findings suggest that the ALAD genotype modifies the BLL and anthropometry associations, representing a susceptibility factor for the effects of lead on child growth."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Effects of ALAD Genotype and Blood Lead Levels on Anthropometric Measures in a Cohort of Mexican Children"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Kordas, Katarzyna","Epidemiology and Environmental Health"],"dc:creator":["Kerr, Brendan; 0000-0003-2233-6464"],"dc:date":["2018-06-28T18:32:25Z","2018","2018-05-13 14:08:49"],"dc:description":["M.S.","Objectives: Lead exposure has been shown to affect children's growth, but this relationship may depend on the presence of susceptibility factors, including genetic variation. Blood lead levels (BLL) differ between groups with different variants of the ALAD gene, which encodes the enzyme aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) that participates in heme synthesis. We investigated the association between BLL growth over 12-months in a cohort of Mexican first-graders. We also tested for effect modification of this relationship by ALAD genotype. Methods: The study enrolled 602 children attending schools within the vicinity of a metal foundry in Torreon, Mexico. Anthropometry was assessed at baseline (height, height-for-age z-score (HAZ), knee height, head circumference), 6-months (head circumference) and at 12-month follow-up (height, HAZ, knee height). BLL was measured via atomic absorption spectrophotometry, adapted with a graphite furnace detector. ALAD genotype was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis and grouped for analysis as ALAD1-1 and ALAD1- 2;2 -2. Our sample included 447 participants who had complete data for all three visits. We used multivariable linear regression models adjusted for covariates to test the association between BLL and each anthropometric measure at baseline and at follow-up. Covariates included serum ferritin, hemoglobin, crowding, and maternal education measured at baseline. When the BLL x ALAD genotype interaction term was statistically significant (p<0.15), we stratified by ALAD genotype. Results: The median BLL was 10.20 μg/dL and did not differ by ALAD genotype. After covariate adjustment, baseline BLL was inversely associated with baseline height (P=-0.11; p=0.003), HAZ (P=-0.02; p=0.002) and knee height (P=-0.05 cm; p=0.001). The interaction terms for BLL xALAD were significant in models examining baseline height (p=0.05), knee height (p=0.09), and HAZ (p=0.05). When stratified by genotype, we observed larger effect sizes in the association between BLL and baseline height (P=-0.39; p=0.018), knee height (P=-0.14; p=0.027), and HAZ (P=-0.07; p=0.014) in individuals withALAD1-2;2-2(n=32) than in individuals withALAD1-1 (n=415). Results of the stratified adjusted models were significant in both the ALAD1-2;2-2and ALAD1-1 groups. No associations between BLL and growth at 6 or 12 months were detected irrespective ofALAD genotype. Conclusions: Higher BLL was adversely associated with anthropometric measures among Mexican children exposed to moderately high levels of lead. Our findings suggest that the ALAD genotype modifies the BLL and anthropometry associations, representing a susceptibility factor for the effects of lead on child growth."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["http://hdl.handle.net/10477/77929"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:publisher":["State University of New York at Buffalo"],"dc:rights":["Users of works found in University at Buffalo Institutional Repository (UBIR) are responsible for identifying and contacting the copyright owner for permission to reuse. University at Buffalo Libraries do not manage rights for copyright-protected works and cannot assist with permissions.","Copyright retained by author."],"dc:subject":["epidemiology","public health"],"dc:title":["The Effects of ALAD Genotype and Blood Lead Levels on Anthropometric Measures in a Cohort of Mexican Children"],"dc:type":["Text","Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T19:05:05Z"}