Perfil epidemiológico de dermatofitoses superficiais em pacientes atendidos em um laboratório da rede privada de João Pessoa-PB
Dermatophytoses are skin infections caused by fungi keratinophilic, which are distributed among the genera Trichophyton , Microsporum and Epidermophyton . They are cosmopolitan and are among the most common diseases in the world. The geographical distribution of dermatophytes appears to be quite variable in relation to frequency of species and most affected anatomical sites. This variation is related to se veral factors such as the adaptation of the fungus to the environment, geo - climatic conditions, socio - economic, human displacements, contact of the population with domestic animals, genetic factors, gender, age and immunity of the host. Thus, there are sig nificant changes in the spectrum of these fungi from region to region. In addition, due to population and habits change, the epidemiological profile of dermatophytes in one spot undergoes changes over time. Based on this perspective, this study aimed to de velop the epidemiological profile of cases of superficial dermatophyte infections treated in a clinical laboratory of the private net work in the city of João Pessoa - PB. We re analyzed all mycological reports obtained in the laboratory from August 2010 to Se ptember 2014. Of these, 71 were found positive for dermatophytosis. Information obtained through the reports were related to age, gender of the patients, the lesion location and result of direct examination and fungal culture. Data were grouped and analyze d using Microsoft Office Excel 2013® software. As a result, it was observed that females were the most affected and the most infested body were the feet and toenails. The age group with the highest rate of infection was found in patients aged between 31 an d 60 years. Regarding the frequency of diagnosed sp ecies, there was 33 samples (46, 48%) positive for Trichophyton rubrum , 29 (40, 85%) for T. mentagrophytes , two (2 , 82%) Microsporum canis and only one ( 1 ,41%) M. gypseum . In four (5, 63 %) samples was not possible to identify the species, being found only that it was a dermatophyte Trichophyton the genre. Compared to previous studies conducted in João Pessoa - PB noted that T. rubrum remains prevalent species, but there was an increase in index cases of T. mentagrophytes . Over time, there may be changes in the epidemiology of dermatophytes in the region. Thus, such studies should be performed periodically in order to validate the data in the literature about these infections. Getting to kn ow the epidemiology of dermatophytosis allows establish a prognosis of the population, as well as the adoption of preventive measures to be developed in the community to reduce these rates.
Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations