{"id":{"repo_id":"brazil-ufba","oai_identifier":"oai:repositorio.ufba.br:ri/43812"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/brazil-ufba/oai:repositorio.ufba.br:ri/43812","repository":{"repo_id":"brazil-ufba","name":"Brazil UFBA","base_url":"https://repositorio.ufba.br/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Potencial de Reaproveitamento do Concentrado da Osmose Inversa do Programa Água Doce – Bahia/Brasil Como Solução Osmótica no Processo de Osmose Direta","abstract":"The Programa Água Doce (PAD) aims to ensure permanent and sustainable access to high-quality drinking water through desalination systems that employ Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology. This technology, however, generates reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC), a potentially polluting by-product. The present study adopted a quantitative methodological approach based on experimental investigation using primary data. The general objective was to evaluate the potential reuse of ROC generated by RO desalination units of the Água Doce Program (PAD) in Bahia, Brazil, as a draw solution in a Forward Osmosis (FO) system. Specifically, the study sought to: (i) assess pollutant removal through the FO process using ROC as the draw solution; (ii) optimize FO system operation under conditions where ROC is used as the draw solution; and (iii) investigate the salinity profile of the draw solution resulting from FO system operation and its potential reuse. The results showed that, after ROC characterization and during 264 hours of operation, the permeate flux progressively decreased, reaching an average value of 2.7 L/m²·h. The reverse salt flux remained relatively constant, although some peaks outside the linear trend were observed, with an average of 6.3 g/m²·h. The average conductivity decreased from 27.67 mS/cm to 15.92 mS/cm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed that the new membrane exhibited a uniform and unaltered morphology, with no evidence of fouling. In contrast, the used membrane showed precipitated salt deposits on its surface, which led to a reduction in water flux from 3.89 L/m²·h to 2.83 L/m²·h. Experiments performed with methylene blue (MB) dye showed a 98% rejection rate, demonstrating the efficiency of the Forward Osmosis (FO) process. It can be concluded that the use of ROC as a draw solution (DS) is feasible and advantageous, particularly when diluted and reused from concentrates generated in RO desalination systems.","abstract_html":"The Programa Água Doce (PAD) aims to ensure permanent and sustainable access to high-quality drinking water through desalination systems that employ Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology. This technology, however, generates reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC), a potentially polluting by-product. The present study adopted a quantitative methodological approach based on experimental investigation using primary data. The general objective was to evaluate the potential reuse of ROC generated by RO desalination units of the Água Doce Program (PAD) in Bahia, Brazil, as a draw solution in a Forward Osmosis (FO) system. Specifically, the study sought to: (i) assess pollutant removal through the FO process using ROC as the draw solution; (ii) optimize FO system operation under conditions where ROC is used as the draw solution; and (iii) investigate the salinity profile of the draw solution resulting from FO system operation and its potential reuse. The results showed that, after ROC characterization and during 264 hours of operation, the permeate flux progressively decreased, reaching an average value of 2.7 L/m²·h. The reverse salt flux remained relatively constant, although some peaks outside the linear trend were observed, with an average of 6.3 g/m²·h. The average conductivity decreased from 27.67 mS/cm to 15.92 mS/cm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed that the new membrane exhibited a uniform and unaltered morphology, with no evidence of fouling. In contrast, the used membrane showed precipitated salt deposits on its surface, which led to a reduction in water flux from 3.89 L/m²·h to 2.83 L/m²·h. Experiments performed with methylene blue (MB) dye showed a 98% rejection rate, demonstrating the efficiency of the Forward Osmosis (FO) process. It can be concluded that the use of ROC as a draw solution (DS) is feasible and advantageous, particularly when diluted and reused from concentrates generated in RO desalination systems.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Araújo, Woshington Luiz de"],"institution":"Universidade Federal da Bahia","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":null,"date_issued":"16-12-16","date_published":"16-12-16","updated_at":"2026-07-27T22:07:53Z","subjects":["Dessalinização da água","Osmose direta","Água - reuso","Osmose inversa"],"languages":["por"],"rights":["Acesso Aberto"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43812","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Araújo, Woshington Luiz de"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2026-01-16T17:00:30Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2026-01-16T17:00:30Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["16-12-16"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Universidade Federal da Bahia"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["Escola Politécnica"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertação"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Dessalinização da água","Osmose direta","Água - reuso","Osmose inversa"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["por"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Acesso Aberto"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43812"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The Programa Água Doce (PAD) aims to ensure permanent and sustainable access to high-quality drinking water through desalination systems that employ Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology. This technology, however, generates reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC), a potentially polluting by-product. The present study adopted a quantitative methodological approach based on experimental investigation using primary data. The general objective was to evaluate the potential reuse of ROC generated by RO desalination units of the Água Doce Program (PAD) in Bahia, Brazil, as a draw solution in a Forward Osmosis (FO) system. Specifically, the study sought to: (i) assess pollutant removal through the FO process using ROC as the draw solution; (ii) optimize FO system operation under conditions where ROC is used as the draw solution; and (iii) investigate the salinity profile of the draw solution resulting from FO system operation and its potential reuse. The results showed that, after ROC characterization and during 264 hours of operation, the permeate flux progressively decreased, reaching an average value of 2.7 L/m²·h. The reverse salt flux remained relatively constant, although some peaks outside the linear trend were observed, with an average of 6.3 g/m²·h. The average conductivity decreased from 27.67 mS/cm to 15.92 mS/cm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed that the new membrane exhibited a uniform and unaltered morphology, with no evidence of fouling. In contrast, the used membrane showed precipitated salt deposits on its surface, which led to a reduction in water flux from 3.89 L/m²·h to 2.83 L/m²·h. Experiments performed with methylene blue (MB) dye showed a 98% rejection rate, demonstrating the efficiency of the Forward Osmosis (FO) process. It can be concluded that the use of ROC as a draw solution (DS) is feasible and advantageous, particularly when diluted and reused from concentrates generated in RO desalination systems."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Potencial de Reaproveitamento do Concentrado da Osmose Inversa do Programa Água Doce – Bahia/Brasil Como Solução Osmótica no Processo de Osmose Direta"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Araújo, Woshington Luiz de"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2026-01-16T17:00:30Z"],"dc:date.available":["2026-01-16T17:00:30Z"],"dc:date.issued":["16-12-16"],"dc:description.abstract":["The Programa Água Doce (PAD) aims to ensure permanent and sustainable access to high-quality drinking water through desalination systems that employ Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology. This technology, however, generates reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC), a potentially polluting by-product. The present study adopted a quantitative methodological approach based on experimental investigation using primary data. The general objective was to evaluate the potential reuse of ROC generated by RO desalination units of the Água Doce Program (PAD) in Bahia, Brazil, as a draw solution in a Forward Osmosis (FO) system. Specifically, the study sought to: (i) assess pollutant removal through the FO process using ROC as the draw solution; (ii) optimize FO system operation under conditions where ROC is used as the draw solution; and (iii) investigate the salinity profile of the draw solution resulting from FO system operation and its potential reuse. The results showed that, after ROC characterization and during 264 hours of operation, the permeate flux progressively decreased, reaching an average value of 2.7 L/m²·h. The reverse salt flux remained relatively constant, although some peaks outside the linear trend were observed, with an average of 6.3 g/m²·h. The average conductivity decreased from 27.67 mS/cm to 15.92 mS/cm. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed that the new membrane exhibited a uniform and unaltered morphology, with no evidence of fouling. In contrast, the used membrane showed precipitated salt deposits on its surface, which led to a reduction in water flux from 3.89 L/m²·h to 2.83 L/m²·h. Experiments performed with methylene blue (MB) dye showed a 98% rejection rate, demonstrating the efficiency of the Forward Osmosis (FO) process. It can be concluded that the use of ROC as a draw solution (DS) is feasible and advantageous, particularly when diluted and reused from concentrates generated in RO desalination systems."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/43812"],"dc:language":["por"],"dc:publisher":["Universidade Federal da Bahia"],"dc:publisher.department":["Escola Politécnica"],"dc:rights":["Acesso Aberto"],"dc:subject":["Dessalinização da água","Osmose direta","Água - reuso","Osmose inversa"],"dc:title":["Potencial de Reaproveitamento do Concentrado da Osmose Inversa do Programa Água Doce – Bahia/Brasil Como Solução Osmótica no Processo de Osmose Direta"],"dc:type":["Dissertação"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-27T22:07:53Z"}