{"id":{"repo_id":"bradford","oai_identifier":"oai:bradscholars.brad.ac.uk:10454/20714"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/bradford/oai:bradscholars.brad.ac.uk:10454/20714","repository":{"repo_id":"bradford","name":"University of Bradford","base_url":"https://bradscholars.brad.ac.uk/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Collective Countermeasures and Regional Cooperation. Strengthening Cybersecurity in Qatar and the Gulf Cooperation Council","abstract":"This thesis examines the following question: How can the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) develop and implement collective countermeasures through regional cooperation in cybersecurity that align with international legal frameworks while addressing unique regional challenges? This study conducts an in-depth analysis of international cyber law principles, focusing on state responsibility, sovereignty, and the legality of collective countermeasures. It explores the tension between these principles and the need for regional cybersecurity cooperation within the GCC context. This research project employs a comparative approach, drawing lessons from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) cybersecurity cooperation model, but primarily focuses on the legal implications for the GCC. It considers the GCC's distinctive features, including its critical energy infrastructure and existing security cooperation mechanisms, within the framework of international law. Key findings address the compatibility of potential GCC collective countermeasures with international legal norms. The study examines how the principles of sovereignty and state responsibility can be balanced with the need for regional cyber defence. Based on this legal analysis, the thesis proposes recommendations for the GCC, including developing a legally compliant regional cybersecurity strategy and establishing institutional mechanisms for collaboration that respect international law. This thesis concludes by assessing the GCC's potential to develop a regional cybersecurity cooperation model that enhances its security while adhering to international legal frameworks. It identifies areas for future research, including the evolving norms in international cyber law and their implications for regional cybersecurity efforts.","abstract_html":"This thesis examines the following question: How can the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) develop and implement collective countermeasures through regional cooperation in cybersecurity that align with international legal frameworks while addressing unique regional challenges? This study conducts an in-depth analysis of international cyber law principles, focusing on state responsibility, sovereignty, and the legality of collective countermeasures. It explores the tension between these principles and the need for regional cybersecurity cooperation within the GCC context. This research project employs a comparative approach, drawing lessons from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) cybersecurity cooperation model, but primarily focuses on the legal implications for the GCC. It considers the GCC's distinctive features, including its critical energy infrastructure and existing security cooperation mechanisms, within the framework of international law. Key findings address the compatibility of potential GCC collective countermeasures with international legal norms. The study examines how the principles of sovereignty and state responsibility can be balanced with the need for regional cyber defence. Based on this legal analysis, the thesis proposes recommendations for the GCC, including developing a legally compliant regional cybersecurity strategy and establishing institutional mechanisms for collaboration that respect international law. This thesis concludes by assessing the GCC's potential to develop a regional cybersecurity cooperation model that enhances its security while adhering to international legal frameworks. It identifies areas for future research, including the evolving norms in international cyber law and their implications for regional cybersecurity efforts.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Alkuwari, Khalifa"],"institution":"University of Bradford","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Van Hoorebeek, Mark","Taylor, Chris W."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":null,"date_issued":"","date_published":null,"updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:14:44Z","subjects":["International Law","Qatar","Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)","Cyber operations","Collective countermeasures","State responsibility","Attribution","Regional organisation","Regional cooperation","Cybersecurity"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["\"Creative
The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://bradscholars.brad.ac.uk/handle/10454/20714","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Van Hoorebeek, Mark","Taylor, Chris W."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Alkuwari, Khalifa"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2025-12-18T15:32:23Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2025-12-18T15:32:23Z"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["School of Law. Faculty of Management, Law and Social Sciences"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["University of Bradford"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["PhD"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["International Law","Qatar","Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)","Cyber operations","Collective countermeasures","State responsibility","Attribution","Regional organisation","Regional cooperation","Cybersecurity"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["\"Creative
The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://bradscholars.brad.ac.uk/handle/10454/20714"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["This thesis examines the following question: How can the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) develop and implement collective countermeasures through regional cooperation in cybersecurity that align with international legal frameworks while addressing unique regional challenges? This study conducts an in-depth analysis of international cyber law principles, focusing on state responsibility, sovereignty, and the legality of collective countermeasures. It explores the tension between these principles and the need for regional cybersecurity cooperation within the GCC context. This research project employs a comparative approach, drawing lessons from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) cybersecurity cooperation model, but primarily focuses on the legal implications for the GCC. It considers the GCC's distinctive features, including its critical energy infrastructure and existing security cooperation mechanisms, within the framework of international law. Key findings address the compatibility of potential GCC collective countermeasures with international legal norms. The study examines how the principles of sovereignty and state responsibility can be balanced with the need for regional cyber defence. Based on this legal analysis, the thesis proposes recommendations for the GCC, including developing a legally compliant regional cybersecurity strategy and establishing institutional mechanisms for collaboration that respect international law. This thesis concludes by assessing the GCC's potential to develop a regional cybersecurity cooperation model that enhances its security while adhering to international legal frameworks. It identifies areas for future research, including the evolving norms in international cyber law and their implications for regional cybersecurity efforts."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Collective Countermeasures and Regional Cooperation. Strengthening Cybersecurity in Qatar and the Gulf Cooperation Council"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Van Hoorebeek, Mark","Taylor, Chris W."],"dc:creator":["Alkuwari, Khalifa"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2025-12-18T15:32:23Z"],"dc:date.available":["2025-12-18T15:32:23Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["This thesis examines the following question: How can the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) develop and implement collective countermeasures through regional cooperation in cybersecurity that align with international legal frameworks while addressing unique regional challenges? This study conducts an in-depth analysis of international cyber law principles, focusing on state responsibility, sovereignty, and the legality of collective countermeasures. It explores the tension between these principles and the need for regional cybersecurity cooperation within the GCC context. This research project employs a comparative approach, drawing lessons from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) cybersecurity cooperation model, but primarily focuses on the legal implications for the GCC. It considers the GCC's distinctive features, including its critical energy infrastructure and existing security cooperation mechanisms, within the framework of international law. Key findings address the compatibility of potential GCC collective countermeasures with international legal norms. The study examines how the principles of sovereignty and state responsibility can be balanced with the need for regional cyber defence. Based on this legal analysis, the thesis proposes recommendations for the GCC, including developing a legally compliant regional cybersecurity strategy and establishing institutional mechanisms for collaboration that respect international law. This thesis concludes by assessing the GCC's potential to develop a regional cybersecurity cooperation model that enhances its security while adhering to international legal frameworks. It identifies areas for future research, including the evolving norms in international cyber law and their implications for regional cybersecurity efforts."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://bradscholars.brad.ac.uk/handle/10454/20714"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher.department":["School of Law. Faculty of Management, Law and Social Sciences"],"dc:publisher.institution":["University of Bradford"],"dc:rights":["\"Creative
The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence."],"dc:subject":["International Law","Qatar","Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)","Cyber operations","Collective countermeasures","State responsibility","Attribution","Regional organisation","Regional cooperation","Cybersecurity"],"dc:title":["Collective Countermeasures and Regional Cooperation. Strengthening Cybersecurity in Qatar and the Gulf Cooperation Council"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["doctoral"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["PhD"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:14:44Z"}