Water in the Earth’s Interior: Thermodynamics and kinetics of hydrogen incorporation in olivine and wadsleyite
type: CreativeWork
description: (1) Hydrogen diffusion in olivine The kinetics of hydration of dry single crystals of San Carlos olivine was determined by performing experiments under water-saturated conditions. The experiments were performed at 1.5 GPa, 1000°C for 5 hours in a piston cylinder apparatus, or at 0.2 GPa, 900°C, for 1 and 20 hours in TZM cold-seal vessels. Polarized Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) was employed to quantify the hydroxyl distributions in the samples after the experiments. The new data obtained show a strong anisotropy of diffusion, with the diffusion coefficient D[100]>D[010]> D[001] at 900°C for short duration experiments. This initial mechanism of diffusion possibly involved a redox-exchange between proton and polaron. After longer duration experiment, the anisotropy of diffusion is different with D[001]>D[010]» D[100]. For this second stage of diffusion a model of hydrogen-metal vacancy associated defects is proposed, where the vacancies are the slower diffusing species with the diffusion laws: [100], [010] = 10-(5.6±3.2) exp [-(175 ± 76)/RT] [001] = 10-(1.4±0.5) exp [-(258 ± 31)/RT] (2) Hydrogen diffusion in forsterite The kinetics of hydration linked to magnesium-vacancy diffusion within dry synthetic forsterite single crystals was determined by performing similar experiments and analyses as in the previous section. The experiments were performed at 1.5 GPa, 1000°C for 3 hours in piston cylinder apparatus, or at 0.2 GPa, 900-1110°C, for 3-20 hours in TZM cold-seal vessels. The chemical diffusion coefficients are marginally slower than in iron-bearing olivine for the same diffusion process, but the anisotropy of diffusion is the same, with the [001] axis the fastest direction of diffusion and [100] the slowest. Fits of the diffusion data to an Arrhenius law yield similar activation energies for each of the crystallographic axes; a global fit to all the diffusion data gave an activation energy around 211 ± 18 kJmol-1. Thus hydration likely occurs by co…
abstract: (1) Hydrogen diffusion in olivine The kinetics of hydration of dry single crystals of San Carlos olivine was determined by performing experiments under water-saturated conditions. The experiments were performed at 1.5 GPa, 1000°C for 5 hours in a piston cylinder apparatus, or at 0.2 GPa, 900°C, for 1 and 20 hours in TZM cold-seal vessels. Polarized Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) was employed to quantify the hydroxyl distributions in the samples after the experiments. The new data obtained show a strong anisotropy of diffusion, with the diffusion coefficient D[100]>D[010]> D[001] at 900°C for short duration experiments. This initial mechanism of diffusion possibly involved a redox-exchange between proton and polaron. After longer duration experiment, the anisotropy of diffusion is different with D[001]>D[010]» D[100]. For this second stage of diffusion a model of hydrogen-metal vacancy associated defects is proposed, where the vacancies are the slower diffusing species with the diffusion laws: [100], [010] = 10-(5.6±3.2) exp [-(175 ± 76)/RT] [001] = 10-(1.4±0.5) exp [-(258 ± 31)/RT] (2) Hydrogen diffusion in forsterite The kinetics of hydration linked to magnesium-vacancy diffusion within dry synthetic forsterite single crystals was determined by performing similar experiments and analyses as in the previous section. The experiments were performed at 1.5 GPa, 1000°C for 3 hours in piston cylinder apparatus, or at 0.2 GPa, 900-1110°C, for 3-20 hours in TZM cold-seal vessels. The chemical diffusion coefficients are marginally slower than in iron-bearing olivine for the same diffusion process, but the anisotropy of diffusion is the same, with the [001] axis the fastest direction of diffusion and [100] the slowest. Fits of the diffusion data to an Arrhenius law yield similar activation energies for each of the crystallographic axes; a global fit to all the diffusion data gave an activation energy around 211 ± 18 kJmol-1. Thus hydration likely occurs by co…
author: Demouchy, Sylvie
date published: 2004-07-27
date modified: 2026-07-27T18:49:29Z
provider: Universität Bayreuth
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Universität Bayreuth