{"id":{"repo_id":"baylor","oai_identifier":"oai:baylor-ir.tdl.org:2104/13848"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/baylor/oai:baylor-ir.tdl.org:2104/13848","repository":{"repo_id":"baylor","name":"Baylor University","base_url":"https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Exploring the morphospace of cidaroid echinoid spines.","abstract":"Crown group cidaroids (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Cidaroida) display a variety of spine morphologies thought to be adapted in response to selective pressures around them. Echinoid spines directly interact with their surroundings and morphologies should reflect environmental conditions changing through time. To quantify trends in morphology through time, 2D geometric morphometrics were applied to cidaroid spines to track changes in morphospace. This was completed through four anatomical landmarks and 250 semi-landmarks to grasp the entirety of the spine shape. Once plotted into multivariate space, trends related to time and morphology were found within one family of cidaroids, Psychocidaridae. These trends coincided with major geologic events, such as the Marine Mesozoic Revolution and Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction. Contractions and shifts in morphospace could then be related to predation and changes in marine community structure. Additionally, modern cidaroids display an expansive morphological diversity, while not being taxonomically diverse.","abstract_html":"Crown group cidaroids (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Cidaroida) display a variety of spine morphologies thought to be adapted in response to selective pressures around them. Echinoid spines directly interact with their surroundings and morphologies should reflect environmental conditions changing through time. To quantify trends in morphology through time, 2D geometric morphometrics were applied to cidaroid spines to track changes in morphospace. This was completed through four anatomical landmarks and 250 semi-landmarks to grasp the entirety of the spine shape. Once plotted into multivariate space, trends related to time and morphology were found within one family of cidaroids, Psychocidaridae. These trends coincided with major geologic events, such as the Marine Mesozoic Revolution and Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction. Contractions and shifts in morphospace could then be related to predation and changes in marine community structure. Additionally, modern cidaroids display an expansive morphological diversity, while not being taxonomically diverse.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Watts, Jerrad D., 2000-"],"institution":"Baylor University.","degree_name":"M.S.","degree_level":"Masters","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Petsios, Elizabeth."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025-05","date_published":"2025-05","updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:07:58Z","subjects":["Echinoid.","Geometric morphometrics.","Morphology.","Evolution."],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Baylor University works are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. Contact libraryquestions@baylor.edu for inquiries about permission."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2104/13848","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Petsios, Elizabeth."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Watts, Jerrad D., 2000-"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2025-09-05T19:51:56Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2025-05"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["M.S."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Baylor University."]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Echinoid.","Geometric morphometrics.","Morphology.","Evolution."]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Baylor University works are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. Contact libraryquestions@baylor.edu for inquiries about permission."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2104/13848"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Crown group cidaroids (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Cidaroida) display a variety of spine morphologies thought to be adapted in response to selective pressures around them. Echinoid spines directly interact with their surroundings and morphologies should reflect environmental conditions changing through time. To quantify trends in morphology through time, 2D geometric morphometrics were applied to cidaroid spines to track changes in morphospace. This was completed through four anatomical landmarks and 250 semi-landmarks to grasp the entirety of the spine shape. Once plotted into multivariate space, trends related to time and morphology were found within one family of cidaroids, Psychocidaridae. These trends coincided with major geologic events, such as the Marine Mesozoic Revolution and Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction. Contractions and shifts in morphospace could then be related to predation and changes in marine community structure. Additionally, modern cidaroids display an expansive morphological diversity, while not being taxonomically diverse."]},{"key":"dc:format.mimetype","label":"Dc Format Mimetype","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Exploring the morphospace of cidaroid echinoid spines."]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Petsios, Elizabeth."],"dc:creator":["Watts, Jerrad D., 2000-"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2025-09-05T19:51:56Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2025-05"],"dc:description.abstract":["Crown group cidaroids (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Cidaroida) display a variety of spine morphologies thought to be adapted in response to selective pressures around them. Echinoid spines directly interact with their surroundings and morphologies should reflect environmental conditions changing through time. To quantify trends in morphology through time, 2D geometric morphometrics were applied to cidaroid spines to track changes in morphospace. This was completed through four anatomical landmarks and 250 semi-landmarks to grasp the entirety of the spine shape. Once plotted into multivariate space, trends related to time and morphology were found within one family of cidaroids, Psychocidaridae. These trends coincided with major geologic events, such as the Marine Mesozoic Revolution and Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction. Contractions and shifts in morphospace could then be related to predation and changes in marine community structure. Additionally, modern cidaroids display an expansive morphological diversity, while not being taxonomically diverse."],"dc:format.mimetype":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/2104/13848"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:rights":["Baylor University works are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. Contact libraryquestions@baylor.edu for inquiries about permission."],"dc:subject":["Echinoid.","Geometric morphometrics.","Morphology.","Evolution."],"dc:title":["Exploring the morphospace of cidaroid echinoid spines."],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_level":["Masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S."],"thesis:institution_name":["Baylor University."]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:07:58Z"}