{"id":{"repo_id":"auckland-ms","oai_identifier":"oai:researchspace.auckland.ac.nz:2292/76535"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/auckland-ms/oai:researchspace.auckland.ac.nz:2292/76535","repository":{"repo_id":"auckland-ms","name":"University of Auckland","base_url":"https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Place-based Management for Post-border Biosecurity in Aotearoa New Zealand - Giving Effect to Mana Whenua Informed Decision-making","abstract":"Invasive species have been identified as one of the five drivers of global biodiversity loss, along with land- and sea-use change, resource over-exploitation, pollution, and climate change. In New Zealand, invasive species are adversely affecting prominent native species and ecosystems—plant pathogens are impacting kauri trees and forests as well as many of our native myrtles, including pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa) and rātā (Metrosideros spp.); the exotic seaweed Caulerpa (Caulerpa brachypus, Caulerpa parvifolia) is invading marine ecosystems in areas of the northern North Island; and the invasive gold clam (Corbicula fluminea), a prolific breeder, is well established in the Waikato River. These and other biosecurity threats pose serious risk to the New Zealand economy, the natural environment, social amenity values, and to mana whenua communities and their culture. To manage biosecurity threats, New Zealand’s biosecurity system provides comprehensive protections that are delivered within an integrated structure at pre-border, at-border, and post-border levels. The biosecurity system encourages public participation and engages with and supports mana whenua communities in the management of biosecurity issues affecting their respective lands. However, the system is weighted toward economic risk and impact, and deficiencies in other areas—environmental, social, and cultural—have been emphasised. Identified cultural limitations include a lack of attention to cultural values and impacts and an absence of tools for considering these values. To address these cultural limitations, a structured approach that enhances biosecurity protections according to mana whenua priorities is needed. This research has developed such an approach in the form of a mana whenua biosecurity decision-making framework. Initially conceptualised as a threat-based model, the profound importance of place for mana whenua and the intertwined nature of whakapapa with place has resulted in a place-based framework, Whakahokia mai te wairua. This term is applied to the framework to signify its purpose and its capacity to give effect to the land as a relation or kin. Due to the framework’s centring of mana whenua places, several distinctive characteristics have emerged; these include: (i) a strong emphasis on the importance of relationships with place, resulting in assessment that considers multiple threats to a single place or location; (ii) risk assessment and decision-making that is underpinned by long-term intergenerational thinking and depth of relationship (with place); (iii) risk assessment that starts from place as the point of vulnerability, rather than from a specific threat; and (iv) the elimination of cultural siloing (the confining of mana whenua perspectives and participation to cultural or environmental values) through a focus on multi-dimensional risk areas. Further augmenting mana whenua involvement in biosecurity decision-making and management, the thesis also recommends the establishment of a Government Mana Whenua Agreement (GMA) for Biosecurity Readiness and Response, a parallel arrangement to the existing Government Industry Agreement for Biosecurity Readiness and Response. While the New Zealand biosecurity system is inclusive of mana whenua, the system lacks a cohesive structure from which to support their involvement at the level of decision-making and equal partnership. By formalising mana whenua biosecurity involvement at this scale, the proposed GMA strengthens local resilience while simultaneously upholding Te Tiriti o Waitangi commitments at a national level.","abstract_html":"Invasive species have been identified as one of the five drivers of global biodiversity loss, along with land- and sea-use change, resource over-exploitation, pollution, and climate change. In New Zealand, invasive species are adversely affecting prominent native species and ecosystems—plant pathogens are impacting kauri trees and forests as well as many of our native myrtles, including pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa) and rātā (Metrosideros spp.); the exotic seaweed Caulerpa (Caulerpa brachypus, Caulerpa parvifolia) is invading marine ecosystems in areas of the northern North Island; and the invasive gold clam (Corbicula fluminea), a prolific breeder, is well established in the Waikato River. These and other biosecurity threats pose serious risk to the New Zealand economy, the natural environment, social amenity values, and to mana whenua communities and their culture. To manage biosecurity threats, New Zealand’s biosecurity system provides comprehensive protections that are delivered within an integrated structure at pre-border, at-border, and post-border levels. The biosecurity system encourages public participation and engages with and supports mana whenua communities in the management of biosecurity issues affecting their respective lands. However, the system is weighted toward economic risk and impact, and deficiencies in other areas—environmental, social, and cultural—have been emphasised. Identified cultural limitations include a lack of attention to cultural values and impacts and an absence of tools for considering these values. To address these cultural limitations, a structured approach that enhances biosecurity protections according to mana whenua priorities is needed. This research has developed such an approach in the form of a mana whenua biosecurity decision-making framework. Initially conceptualised as a threat-based model, the profound importance of place for mana whenua and the intertwined nature of whakapapa with place has resulted in a place-based framework, Whakahokia mai te wairua. This term is applied to the framework to signify its purpose and its capacity to give effect to the land as a relation or kin. Due to the framework’s centring of mana whenua places, several distinctive characteristics have emerged; these include: (i) a strong emphasis on the importance of relationships with place, resulting in assessment that considers multiple threats to a single place or location; (ii) risk assessment and decision-making that is underpinned by long-term intergenerational thinking and depth of relationship (with place); (iii) risk assessment that starts from place as the point of vulnerability, rather than from a specific threat; and (iv) the elimination of cultural siloing (the confining of mana whenua perspectives and participation to cultural or environmental values) through a focus on multi-dimensional risk areas. Further augmenting mana whenua involvement in biosecurity decision-making and management, the thesis also recommends the establishment of a Government Mana Whenua Agreement (GMA) for Biosecurity Readiness and Response, a parallel arrangement to the existing Government Industry Agreement for Biosecurity Readiness and Response. While the New Zealand biosecurity system is inclusive of mana whenua, the system lacks a cohesive structure from which to support their involvement at the level of decision-making and equal partnership. By formalising mana whenua biosecurity involvement at this scale, the proposed GMA strengthens local resilience while simultaneously upholding Te Tiriti o Waitangi commitments at a national level.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Godfery, Tracey Lenore"],"institution":"ResearchSpace@Auckland","degree_name":"PhD","degree_level":"Doctoral","degree_discipline":"Biological Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Williams, Nari","Hikuroa, Daniel","Kean, John","Robinson, Andrew"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2025,"date_issued":"2025","date_published":"2025","updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:06:48Z","subjects":["biosecurity","place-based management","Indigenous-led decision-making","mana whenua communities","plant pathogens"],"languages":[],"rights":["Items in ResearchSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated."],"rights_urls":["https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/docs/uoa-docs/rights.htm"],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2292/76535","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Williams, Nari","Hikuroa, Daniel","Kean, John","Robinson, Andrew"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Godfery, Tracey Lenore"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2026-07-21T20:12:20Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2025"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["ResearchSpace@Auckland"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Biological Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["PhD"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["The University of Auckland"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["biosecurity","place-based management","Indigenous-led decision-making","mana whenua communities","plant pathogens"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Items in ResearchSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated."]},{"key":"dc:rights.uri","label":"Rights URI","values":["https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/docs/uoa-docs/rights.htm"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/2292/76535"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Invasive species have been identified as one of the five drivers of global biodiversity loss, along with land- and sea-use change, resource over-exploitation, pollution, and climate change. In New Zealand, invasive species are adversely affecting prominent native species and ecosystems—plant pathogens are impacting kauri trees and forests as well as many of our native myrtles, including pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa) and rātā (Metrosideros spp.); the exotic seaweed Caulerpa (Caulerpa brachypus, Caulerpa parvifolia) is invading marine ecosystems in areas of the northern North Island; and the invasive gold clam (Corbicula fluminea), a prolific breeder, is well established in the Waikato River. These and other biosecurity threats pose serious risk to the New Zealand economy, the natural environment, social amenity values, and to mana whenua communities and their culture. To manage biosecurity threats, New Zealand’s biosecurity system provides comprehensive protections that are delivered within an integrated structure at pre-border, at-border, and post-border levels. The biosecurity system encourages public participation and engages with and supports mana whenua communities in the management of biosecurity issues affecting their respective lands. However, the system is weighted toward economic risk and impact, and deficiencies in other areas—environmental, social, and cultural—have been emphasised. Identified cultural limitations include a lack of attention to cultural values and impacts and an absence of tools for considering these values. To address these cultural limitations, a structured approach that enhances biosecurity protections according to mana whenua priorities is needed. This research has developed such an approach in the form of a mana whenua biosecurity decision-making framework. Initially conceptualised as a threat-based model, the profound importance of place for mana whenua and the intertwined nature of whakapapa with place has resulted in a place-based framework, Whakahokia mai te wairua. This term is applied to the framework to signify its purpose and its capacity to give effect to the land as a relation or kin. Due to the framework’s centring of mana whenua places, several distinctive characteristics have emerged; these include: (i) a strong emphasis on the importance of relationships with place, resulting in assessment that considers multiple threats to a single place or location; (ii) risk assessment and decision-making that is underpinned by long-term intergenerational thinking and depth of relationship (with place); (iii) risk assessment that starts from place as the point of vulnerability, rather than from a specific threat; and (iv) the elimination of cultural siloing (the confining of mana whenua perspectives and participation to cultural or environmental values) through a focus on multi-dimensional risk areas. Further augmenting mana whenua involvement in biosecurity decision-making and management, the thesis also recommends the establishment of a Government Mana Whenua Agreement (GMA) for Biosecurity Readiness and Response, a parallel arrangement to the existing Government Industry Agreement for Biosecurity Readiness and Response. While the New Zealand biosecurity system is inclusive of mana whenua, the system lacks a cohesive structure from which to support their involvement at the level of decision-making and equal partnership. By formalising mana whenua biosecurity involvement at this scale, the proposed GMA strengthens local resilience while simultaneously upholding Te Tiriti o Waitangi commitments at a national level."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Place-based Management for Post-border Biosecurity in Aotearoa New Zealand - Giving Effect to Mana Whenua Informed Decision-making"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Williams, Nari","Hikuroa, Daniel","Kean, John","Robinson, Andrew"],"dc:creator":["Godfery, Tracey Lenore"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2026-07-21T20:12:20Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2025"],"dc:description.abstract":["Invasive species have been identified as one of the five drivers of global biodiversity loss, along with land- and sea-use change, resource over-exploitation, pollution, and climate change. In New Zealand, invasive species are adversely affecting prominent native species and ecosystems—plant pathogens are impacting kauri trees and forests as well as many of our native myrtles, including pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa) and rātā (Metrosideros spp.); the exotic seaweed Caulerpa (Caulerpa brachypus, Caulerpa parvifolia) is invading marine ecosystems in areas of the northern North Island; and the invasive gold clam (Corbicula fluminea), a prolific breeder, is well established in the Waikato River. These and other biosecurity threats pose serious risk to the New Zealand economy, the natural environment, social amenity values, and to mana whenua communities and their culture. To manage biosecurity threats, New Zealand’s biosecurity system provides comprehensive protections that are delivered within an integrated structure at pre-border, at-border, and post-border levels. The biosecurity system encourages public participation and engages with and supports mana whenua communities in the management of biosecurity issues affecting their respective lands. However, the system is weighted toward economic risk and impact, and deficiencies in other areas—environmental, social, and cultural—have been emphasised. Identified cultural limitations include a lack of attention to cultural values and impacts and an absence of tools for considering these values. To address these cultural limitations, a structured approach that enhances biosecurity protections according to mana whenua priorities is needed. This research has developed such an approach in the form of a mana whenua biosecurity decision-making framework. Initially conceptualised as a threat-based model, the profound importance of place for mana whenua and the intertwined nature of whakapapa with place has resulted in a place-based framework, Whakahokia mai te wairua. This term is applied to the framework to signify its purpose and its capacity to give effect to the land as a relation or kin. Due to the framework’s centring of mana whenua places, several distinctive characteristics have emerged; these include: (i) a strong emphasis on the importance of relationships with place, resulting in assessment that considers multiple threats to a single place or location; (ii) risk assessment and decision-making that is underpinned by long-term intergenerational thinking and depth of relationship (with place); (iii) risk assessment that starts from place as the point of vulnerability, rather than from a specific threat; and (iv) the elimination of cultural siloing (the confining of mana whenua perspectives and participation to cultural or environmental values) through a focus on multi-dimensional risk areas. Further augmenting mana whenua involvement in biosecurity decision-making and management, the thesis also recommends the establishment of a Government Mana Whenua Agreement (GMA) for Biosecurity Readiness and Response, a parallel arrangement to the existing Government Industry Agreement for Biosecurity Readiness and Response. While the New Zealand biosecurity system is inclusive of mana whenua, the system lacks a cohesive structure from which to support their involvement at the level of decision-making and equal partnership. By formalising mana whenua biosecurity involvement at this scale, the proposed GMA strengthens local resilience while simultaneously upholding Te Tiriti o Waitangi commitments at a national level."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/2292/76535"],"dc:publisher":["ResearchSpace@Auckland"],"dc:rights":["Items in ResearchSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated."],"dc:rights.uri":["https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/docs/uoa-docs/rights.htm"],"dc:subject":["biosecurity","place-based management","Indigenous-led decision-making","mana whenua communities","plant pathogens"],"dc:title":["Place-based Management for Post-border Biosecurity in Aotearoa New Zealand - Giving Effect to Mana Whenua Informed Decision-making"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biological Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["PhD"],"thesis:institution_name":["The University of Auckland"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:06:48Z"}