{"id":{"repo_id":"aston","oai_identifier":"oai:publications.aston.ac.uk:10078"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/aston/oai:publications.aston.ac.uk:10078","repository":{"repo_id":"aston","name":"Aston University","base_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/cgi/oai2"},"display":{"title":"Advanced liquid-liquid extraction : studies in a laboratory mixer-settler","abstract":"A ten stage laboratory mixer-settler has been designed, constructed and operated with efficiencies up to 90%. The phase equilibrium data of the system acetic acid-toluene-water at different temperatures has been determined and correlated. Trials for prediction of these data have been investigated and a good agreement between the experimental data and the predictions obtained by the NRTL equation have been found. Extraction processes have been analysed. A model for determination of the time needed for a countercurrent stage-wise process to come to steady state has been derived. The experimental data was in reasonable agreement with this model. The discrete maximum principle has been applied to optimize the countercurrent extraction process and proved to be highly successful in predicting the optimum operating conditions which were confirmed by the experimental results. The temperature has proved to be a prosolvent for mass transfer in both directions but the temperature profile functioned as an anti solvent.","abstract_html":"A ten stage laboratory mixer-settler has been designed, constructed and operated with efficiencies up to 90%. The phase equilibrium data of the system acetic acid-toluene-water at different temperatures has been determined and correlated. Trials for prediction of these data have been investigated and a good agreement between the experimental data and the predictions obtained by the NRTL equation have been found. Extraction processes have been analysed. A model for determination of the time needed for a countercurrent stage-wise process to come to steady state has been derived. The experimental data was in reasonable agreement with this model. The discrete maximum principle has been applied to optimize the countercurrent extraction process and proved to be highly successful in predicting the optimum operating conditions which were confirmed by the experimental results. The temperature has proved to be a prosolvent for mass transfer in both directions but the temperature profile functioned as an anti solvent.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Salem, Abu-Bakr S.H."],"institution":"Aston University","degree_name":"Ph.D.","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Jeffreys, G.V."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1975,"date_issued":"1975","date_published":"1975","updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:01:09Z","subjects":[],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":null,"outbound_label":null,"outbound_source":null},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Jeffreys, G.V."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Salem, Abu-Bakr S.H."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["1975"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1975"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["Aston University"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/10078/"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["Ph.D."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/10078/1/Abu_b1975_ARE.pdf"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["A ten stage laboratory mixer-settler has been designed, constructed and operated with efficiencies up to 90%. The phase equilibrium data of the system acetic acid-toluene-water at different temperatures has been determined and correlated. Trials for prediction of these data have been investigated and a good agreement between the experimental data and the predictions obtained by the NRTL equation have been found. Extraction processes have been analysed. A model for determination of the time needed for a countercurrent stage-wise process to come to steady state has been derived. The experimental data was in reasonable agreement with this model. The discrete maximum principle has been applied to optimize the countercurrent extraction process and proved to be highly successful in predicting the optimum operating conditions which were confirmed by the experimental results. The temperature has proved to be a prosolvent for mass transfer in both directions but the temperature profile functioned as an anti solvent."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Advanced liquid-liquid extraction : studies in a laboratory mixer-settler"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Jeffreys, G.V."],"dc:creator":["Salem, Abu-Bakr S.H."],"dc:date":["1975"],"dc:date.issued":["1975"],"dc:description.abstract":["A ten stage laboratory mixer-settler has been designed, constructed and operated with efficiencies up to 90%. The phase equilibrium data of the system acetic acid-toluene-water at different temperatures has been determined and correlated. Trials for prediction of these data have been investigated and a good agreement between the experimental data and the predictions obtained by the NRTL equation have been found. Extraction processes have been analysed. A model for determination of the time needed for a countercurrent stage-wise process to come to steady state has been derived. The experimental data was in reasonable agreement with this model. The discrete maximum principle has been applied to optimize the countercurrent extraction process and proved to be highly successful in predicting the optimum operating conditions which were confirmed by the experimental results. The temperature has proved to be a prosolvent for mass transfer in both directions but the temperature profile functioned as an anti solvent."],"dc:format":["application/pdf"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/10078/1/Abu_b1975_ARE.pdf"],"dc:publisher.department":["Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry"],"dc:publisher.institution":["Aston University"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/10078/"],"dc:title":["Advanced liquid-liquid extraction : studies in a laboratory mixer-settler"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["doctoral"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["Ph.D."]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T01:01:09Z"}