Previous evidence suggests the hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) may be a modifiable factor contributing to hyperglycemia. Significant differences in urine concentration and copeptin, a marker for AVP, have been observed between low and high water drinkers. Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the acute effect of adequate water intake on glucose regulation in low drinkers. Methods: 7 healthy (5 males, 2 female) low drinkers were recruited using a water frequency questionnaire (WFQ), spot and 24-h urine sample (age 43±6 y, BMI 30.9±3, WFQ volume 823±403 mL∙d-1, 24 h Uosm 961±105 mmol∙kg-1, copeptin 8.17±3.05 pmol∙L-1). During two experimental protocols, participants remained in the laboratory for 11 h and were provided either the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) recommended amount of water excluding food (males: 3 L, females: 2 L) or an amount representing the bottom quartile of water consumption observed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (males: 0.5 L, females: 0.4 L). Food was provided to participants and standardized to body weight (100 kJ∙Kg-1) using a consistent ratio of macronutrients. Results: 11 h urine volume was significantly higher in the high water trial (P < 0.001). 11 h UOsm was significantly higher in the low water trial (P < 0.001). Plasma osmolality was acutely lower as a result of increased water intake (P = 0.007). Copeptin was suppressed as a result of high water intake (P = 0.019). Glucagon was similar between trials (P = 0.372), however, there was a main effect of water intake on cortisol (P = 0.009). No differences in plasma glucose were found due to water intake (P = 0.07). Conclusion: Acute increases in water intake do not reduce post-prandial plasma glucose responses in low drinkers, however, cortisol may be acutely reduced.
","abstract_html":"<p>Previous evidence suggests the hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) may be a modifiable factor contributing to hyperglycemia. Significant differences in urine concentration and copeptin, a marker for AVP, have been observed between low and high water drinkers. Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the acute effect of adequate water intake on glucose regulation in low drinkers. Methods: 7 healthy (5 males, 2 female) low drinkers were recruited using a water frequency questionnaire (WFQ), spot and 24-h urine sample (age 43±6 y, BMI 30.9±3, WFQ volume 823±403 mL∙d-1, 24 h Uosm 961±105 mmol∙kg-1, copeptin 8.17±3.05 pmol∙L-1). During two experimental protocols, participants remained in the laboratory for 11 h and were provided either the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) recommended amount of water excluding food (males: 3 L, females: 2 L) or an amount representing the bottom quartile of water consumption observed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (males: 0.5 L, females: 0.4 L). Food was provided to participants and standardized to body weight (100 kJ∙Kg-1) using a consistent ratio of macronutrients. Results: 11 h urine volume was significantly higher in the high water trial (P < 0.001). 11 h UOsm was significantly higher in the low water trial (P < 0.001). Plasma osmolality was acutely lower as a result of increased water intake (P = 0.007). Copeptin was suppressed as a result of high water intake (P = 0.019). Glucagon was similar between trials (P = 0.372), however, there was a main effect of water intake on cortisol (P = 0.009). No differences in plasma glucose were found due to water intake (P = 0.07). Conclusion: Acute increases in water intake do not reduce post-prandial plasma glucose responses in low drinkers, however, cortisol may be acutely reduced.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Seal, Adam David"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy in Health, Sport and Exercise Science (PhD)","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Ganio, Matthew S.","McDermott, Brendon P."],"advisors":["Kavouras, Stavros A."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-12-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2019-12-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:59:32Z","subjects":["Copeptin","Diabetes mellitus type 2","Glucose Regulation","Hydration","Osmolality","Type 2 Diabetes","Vasopressin","Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition","Cardiovascular Diseases","Community Health and Preventive Medicine","Endocrine System Diseases","Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism","Preventive Medicine"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3499","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Ganio, Matthew S.","McDermott, Brendon P."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Kavouras, Stavros A."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Seal, Adam David"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2019"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2021-12-21T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Philosophy in Health, Sport and Exercise Science (PhD)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Copeptin","Diabetes mellitus type 2","Glucose Regulation","Hydration","Osmolality","Type 2 Diabetes","Vasopressin","Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition","Cardiovascular Diseases","Community Health and Preventive Medicine","Endocrine System Diseases","Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism","Preventive Medicine"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3499"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Previous evidence suggests the hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) may be a modifiable factor contributing to hyperglycemia. Significant differences in urine concentration and copeptin, a marker for AVP, have been observed between low and high water drinkers. Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the acute effect of adequate water intake on glucose regulation in low drinkers. Methods: 7 healthy (5 males, 2 female) low drinkers were recruited using a water frequency questionnaire (WFQ), spot and 24-h urine sample (age 43±6 y, BMI 30.9±3, WFQ volume 823±403 mL∙d-1, 24 h Uosm 961±105 mmol∙kg-1, copeptin 8.17±3.05 pmol∙L-1). During two experimental protocols, participants remained in the laboratory for 11 h and were provided either the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) recommended amount of water excluding food (males: 3 L, females: 2 L) or an amount representing the bottom quartile of water consumption observed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (males: 0.5 L, females: 0.4 L). Food was provided to participants and standardized to body weight (100 kJ∙Kg-1) using a consistent ratio of macronutrients. Results: 11 h urine volume was significantly higher in the high water trial (P < 0.001). 11 h UOsm was significantly higher in the low water trial (P < 0.001). Plasma osmolality was acutely lower as a result of increased water intake (P = 0.007). Copeptin was suppressed as a result of high water intake (P = 0.019). Glucagon was similar between trials (P = 0.372), however, there was a main effect of water intake on cortisol (P = 0.009). No differences in plasma glucose were found due to water intake (P = 0.07). Conclusion: Acute increases in water intake do not reduce post-prandial plasma glucose responses in low drinkers, however, cortisol may be acutely reduced.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Acute Effect of Water Intake on Glucose Regulation in Low Drinkers"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Ganio, Matthew S.","McDermott, Brendon P."],"dc:contributor.advisor":["Kavouras, Stavros A."],"dc:creator":["Seal, Adam David"],"dc:date":["2019"],"dc:date.available":["2021-12-21T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Previous evidence suggests the hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) may be a modifiable factor contributing to hyperglycemia. Significant differences in urine concentration and copeptin, a marker for AVP, have been observed between low and high water drinkers. Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the acute effect of adequate water intake on glucose regulation in low drinkers. Methods: 7 healthy (5 males, 2 female) low drinkers were recruited using a water frequency questionnaire (WFQ), spot and 24-h urine sample (age 43±6 y, BMI 30.9±3, WFQ volume 823±403 mL∙d-1, 24 h Uosm 961±105 mmol∙kg-1, copeptin 8.17±3.05 pmol∙L-1). During two experimental protocols, participants remained in the laboratory for 11 h and were provided either the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) recommended amount of water excluding food (males: 3 L, females: 2 L) or an amount representing the bottom quartile of water consumption observed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (males: 0.5 L, females: 0.4 L). Food was provided to participants and standardized to body weight (100 kJ∙Kg-1) using a consistent ratio of macronutrients. Results: 11 h urine volume was significantly higher in the high water trial (P < 0.001). 11 h UOsm was significantly higher in the low water trial (P < 0.001). Plasma osmolality was acutely lower as a result of increased water intake (P = 0.007). Copeptin was suppressed as a result of high water intake (P = 0.019). Glucagon was similar between trials (P = 0.372), however, there was a main effect of water intake on cortisol (P = 0.009). No differences in plasma glucose were found due to water intake (P = 0.07). Conclusion: Acute increases in water intake do not reduce post-prandial plasma glucose responses in low drinkers, however, cortisol may be acutely reduced.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3499"],"dc:subject":["Copeptin","Diabetes mellitus type 2","Glucose Regulation","Hydration","Osmolality","Type 2 Diabetes","Vasopressin","Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition","Cardiovascular Diseases","Community Health and Preventive Medicine","Endocrine System Diseases","Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism","Preventive Medicine"],"dc:title":["The Acute Effect of Water Intake on Glucose Regulation in Low Drinkers"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy in Health, Sport and Exercise Science (PhD)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:59:32Z"}