Prediabetes is a sub-health condition in the development to type 2 diabetes, which has been long overlooked. Grain sorghum contains functional starch fractions, which have been widely reported for their potential on blood glucose control and diabetes prevention. A human study with prediabetic men was conducted to investigate the effects of sorghum starch on postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels. Grain sorghum and wheat (control) muffins containing 50 g total starch were consumed by 15 prediabetic male subjects on two mornings with a 1-week washout period. Plasma samples were collected on -15 (baseline), 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after each treatments. The functional starch content (SDS and RS combined) of grain sorghum muffin was higher than control muffin. Postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses were both significantly reduced on 45 - 120 min intervals (p<0.05). With the grain sorghum muffin treatment, the mean incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of glucose was significantly reduced by 35.0%, from 5457.5 ± 645.4 to 3550.0 ± 428.9 mg (~3 h) dL-1 (P<0.05). The mean iAUC of insulin was also significantly lowered by 36.7%, from 7254.6 ± 1228.9 to 4589.3 ± 737.2 mU (~3 h) L-1 (p<0.05). The results implied that grain sorghum is a good candidate in controlling blood glucose and insulin levels in prediabetic population for the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
","abstract_html":"<p>Prediabetes is a sub-health condition in the development to type 2 diabetes, which has been long overlooked. Grain sorghum contains functional starch fractions, which have been widely reported for their potential on blood glucose control and diabetes prevention. A human study with prediabetic men was conducted to investigate the effects of sorghum starch on postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels. Grain sorghum and wheat (control) muffins containing 50 g total starch were consumed by 15 prediabetic male subjects on two mornings with a 1-week washout period. Plasma samples were collected on -15 (baseline), 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after each treatments. The functional starch content (SDS and RS combined) of grain sorghum muffin was higher than control muffin. Postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses were both significantly reduced on 45 - 120 min intervals (p<0.05). With the grain sorghum muffin treatment, the mean incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of glucose was significantly reduced by 35.0%, from 5457.5 ± 645.4 to 3550.0 ± 428.9 mg (~3 h) dL-1 (P<0.05). The mean iAUC of insulin was also significantly lowered by 36.7%, from 7254.6 ± 1228.9 to 4589.3 ± 737.2 mU (~3 h) L-1 (p<0.05). The results implied that grain sorghum is a good candidate in controlling blood glucose and insulin levels in prediabetic population for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. </p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Gu, Xuan"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science in Food Science (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Wang, Ya-Jane","Gbur, Edward E. Jr."],"advisors":["Lee, Sun-Ok"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2014,"date_issued":"2014-12-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2014-12-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:59:01Z","subjects":["Blood Glucose","Functional Starch","Grain Sorghum","Insulin","Prediabetes","Food Chemistry","Human and Clinical Nutrition","Molecular, Genetic, and Biochemical Nutrition"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2025","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Wang, Ya-Jane","Gbur, Edward E. Jr."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Lee, Sun-Ok"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Gu, Xuan"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2014"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2024-02-06T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science in Food Science (MS)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Blood Glucose","Functional Starch","Grain Sorghum","Insulin","Prediabetes","Food Chemistry","Human and Clinical Nutrition","Molecular, Genetic, and Biochemical Nutrition"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2025"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Prediabetes is a sub-health condition in the development to type 2 diabetes, which has been long overlooked. Grain sorghum contains functional starch fractions, which have been widely reported for their potential on blood glucose control and diabetes prevention. A human study with prediabetic men was conducted to investigate the effects of sorghum starch on postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels. Grain sorghum and wheat (control) muffins containing 50 g total starch were consumed by 15 prediabetic male subjects on two mornings with a 1-week washout period. Plasma samples were collected on -15 (baseline), 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after each treatments. The functional starch content (SDS and RS combined) of grain sorghum muffin was higher than control muffin. Postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses were both significantly reduced on 45 - 120 min intervals (p<0.05). With the grain sorghum muffin treatment, the mean incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of glucose was significantly reduced by 35.0%, from 5457.5 ± 645.4 to 3550.0 ± 428.9 mg (~3 h) dL-1 (P<0.05). The mean iAUC of insulin was also significantly lowered by 36.7%, from 7254.6 ± 1228.9 to 4589.3 ± 737.2 mU (~3 h) L-1 (p<0.05). The results implied that grain sorghum is a good candidate in controlling blood glucose and insulin levels in prediabetic population for the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effects of Grain Sorghum Muffin on Blood Glucose and Insulin Responses in Prediabetic Men"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Wang, Ya-Jane","Gbur, Edward E. Jr."],"dc:contributor.advisor":["Lee, Sun-Ok"],"dc:creator":["Gu, Xuan"],"dc:date":["2014"],"dc:date.available":["2024-02-06T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Prediabetes is a sub-health condition in the development to type 2 diabetes, which has been long overlooked. Grain sorghum contains functional starch fractions, which have been widely reported for their potential on blood glucose control and diabetes prevention. A human study with prediabetic men was conducted to investigate the effects of sorghum starch on postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels. Grain sorghum and wheat (control) muffins containing 50 g total starch were consumed by 15 prediabetic male subjects on two mornings with a 1-week washout period. Plasma samples were collected on -15 (baseline), 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after each treatments. The functional starch content (SDS and RS combined) of grain sorghum muffin was higher than control muffin. Postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses were both significantly reduced on 45 - 120 min intervals (p<0.05). With the grain sorghum muffin treatment, the mean incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of glucose was significantly reduced by 35.0%, from 5457.5 ± 645.4 to 3550.0 ± 428.9 mg (~3 h) dL-1 (P<0.05). The mean iAUC of insulin was also significantly lowered by 36.7%, from 7254.6 ± 1228.9 to 4589.3 ± 737.2 mU (~3 h) L-1 (p<0.05). The results implied that grain sorghum is a good candidate in controlling blood glucose and insulin levels in prediabetic population for the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2025"],"dc:subject":["Blood Glucose","Functional Starch","Grain Sorghum","Insulin","Prediabetes","Food Chemistry","Human and Clinical Nutrition","Molecular, Genetic, and Biochemical Nutrition"],"dc:title":["Effects of Grain Sorghum Muffin on Blood Glucose and Insulin Responses in Prediabetic Men"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in Food Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:59:01Z"}