Additive patching is a process in which printers with multiple axes deposit molten material onto a pre-defined surface to form a bond. Studying the effect of surface roughness and process parameters selected for printing auxiliary part on the bond helps in improving the strength of the final component. Particularly, the influence of surface roughness, as established by adhesion theory, has not been evaluated in the framework of additive manufacturing (AM). A full factorial design of experiments with five replications was conducted on two levels and three factors, viz., layer thickness, surface roughness, and raster angle to examine the underlying effects on bond strength. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the resultant index and distributions were plotted to analyze various conditions. Experimental results indicated that bond strength increased up to 27% at higher surface roughness and lower layer thickness levels. Full factorial experiments with additional levels were conducted to realize the direction of improvement and find optimum values of layer thickness and surface roughness. It was found that at a layer thickness of 0.1 mm and 502.94 µin of surface roughness bond strength attains the highest value. This research represents a first step towards understanding bond strength in patching/re-manufacturing, allowing manufacturers to intelligently select process parameters for the production of both the substrate and the added geometry.
","abstract_html":"<p>Additive patching is a process in which printers with multiple axes deposit molten material onto a pre-defined surface to form a bond. Studying the effect of surface roughness and process parameters selected for printing auxiliary part on the bond helps in improving the strength of the final component. Particularly, the influence of surface roughness, as established by adhesion theory, has not been evaluated in the framework of additive manufacturing (AM). A full factorial design of experiments with five replications was conducted on two levels and three factors, viz., layer thickness, surface roughness, and raster angle to examine the underlying effects on bond strength. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the resultant index and distributions were plotted to analyze various conditions. Experimental results indicated that bond strength increased up to 27% at higher surface roughness and lower layer thickness levels. Full factorial experiments with additional levels were conducted to realize the direction of improvement and find optimum values of layer thickness and surface roughness. It was found that at a layer thickness of 0.1 mm and 502.94 µin of surface roughness bond strength attains the highest value. This research represents a first step towards understanding bond strength in patching/re-manufacturing, allowing manufacturers to intelligently select process parameters for the production of both the substrate and the added geometry.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Chivukula, Bharat Bhushan"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science in Industrial Engineering (MSIE)","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Liao, Haitao","Rossetti, Manuel D."],"advisors":["Pierson, Harry"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-12-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2016-12-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:59:32Z","subjects":["Applied sciences","Additive manufacturing","Design of experiments","Process improvement","Surface profile analysis","Industrial Engineering","Manufacturing","Polymer and Organic Materials"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1820","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Liao, Haitao","Rossetti, Manuel D."]},{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Pierson, Harry"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Chivukula, Bharat Bhushan"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2016"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2017-09-29T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science in Industrial Engineering (MSIE)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Applied sciences","Additive manufacturing","Design of experiments","Process improvement","Surface profile analysis","Industrial Engineering","Manufacturing","Polymer and Organic Materials"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1820"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Additive patching is a process in which printers with multiple axes deposit molten material onto a pre-defined surface to form a bond. Studying the effect of surface roughness and process parameters selected for printing auxiliary part on the bond helps in improving the strength of the final component. Particularly, the influence of surface roughness, as established by adhesion theory, has not been evaluated in the framework of additive manufacturing (AM). A full factorial design of experiments with five replications was conducted on two levels and three factors, viz., layer thickness, surface roughness, and raster angle to examine the underlying effects on bond strength. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the resultant index and distributions were plotted to analyze various conditions. Experimental results indicated that bond strength increased up to 27% at higher surface roughness and lower layer thickness levels. Full factorial experiments with additional levels were conducted to realize the direction of improvement and find optimum values of layer thickness and surface roughness. It was found that at a layer thickness of 0.1 mm and 502.94 µin of surface roughness bond strength attains the highest value. This research represents a first step towards understanding bond strength in patching/re-manufacturing, allowing manufacturers to intelligently select process parameters for the production of both the substrate and the added geometry.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Effect of Process Parameters and Surface Condition on Bond Strength between Additively Manufactured Components and Polymer Substrates"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Liao, Haitao","Rossetti, Manuel D."],"dc:contributor.advisor":["Pierson, Harry"],"dc:creator":["Chivukula, Bharat Bhushan"],"dc:date":["2016"],"dc:date.available":["2017-09-29T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Additive patching is a process in which printers with multiple axes deposit molten material onto a pre-defined surface to form a bond. Studying the effect of surface roughness and process parameters selected for printing auxiliary part on the bond helps in improving the strength of the final component. Particularly, the influence of surface roughness, as established by adhesion theory, has not been evaluated in the framework of additive manufacturing (AM). A full factorial design of experiments with five replications was conducted on two levels and three factors, viz., layer thickness, surface roughness, and raster angle to examine the underlying effects on bond strength. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the resultant index and distributions were plotted to analyze various conditions. Experimental results indicated that bond strength increased up to 27% at higher surface roughness and lower layer thickness levels. Full factorial experiments with additional levels were conducted to realize the direction of improvement and find optimum values of layer thickness and surface roughness. It was found that at a layer thickness of 0.1 mm and 502.94 µin of surface roughness bond strength attains the highest value. This research represents a first step towards understanding bond strength in patching/re-manufacturing, allowing manufacturers to intelligently select process parameters for the production of both the substrate and the added geometry.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1820"],"dc:subject":["Applied sciences","Additive manufacturing","Design of experiments","Process improvement","Surface profile analysis","Industrial Engineering","Manufacturing","Polymer and Organic Materials"],"dc:title":["The Effect of Process Parameters and Surface Condition on Bond Strength between Additively Manufactured Components and Polymer Substrates"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in Industrial Engineering (MSIE)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:59:32Z"}