Biomaterial implantation induces the foreign body response (FBR). Development of longer-term implants relies on the thorough understanding of the FBR. The progression of the FBR is regulated by a number of biomolecules including cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The nature of the FBR requires the spatial and temporal regulation of these mediators. MMPs are an extremely large and diverse group of enzymes that play key roles in regulating the FBR. Precise spatiotemporal regulation of MMPs defines their proteolytic activities. The aim of this project is to develop a new bioanalytical method to visualize the localization of active MMPs at the implant site in ex vivo tissue samples. The localization of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 surrounding the implanted biomaterial in the ex vivo tissue sample was determined using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. The MALDI imaging scheme employed a synthetic FRET substrate specific for MMP-2 and MMP-9. The intensity of the m/z value corresponding to the product of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 digestion in each spectrum was extracted to produce a two-dimensional image showing the localization of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the ex vivo tissue sample. Fluorescence imaging was used as a complementary technique.
","abstract_html":"<p>Biomaterial implantation induces the foreign body response (FBR). Development of longer-term implants relies on the thorough understanding of the FBR. The progression of the FBR is regulated by a number of biomolecules including cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The nature of the FBR requires the spatial and temporal regulation of these mediators. MMPs are an extremely large and diverse group of enzymes that play key roles in regulating the FBR. Precise spatiotemporal regulation of MMPs defines their proteolytic activities. The aim of this project is to develop a new bioanalytical method to visualize the localization of active MMPs at the implant site in ex vivo tissue samples. The localization of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 surrounding the implanted biomaterial in the ex vivo tissue sample was determined using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. The MALDI imaging scheme employed a synthetic FRET substrate specific for MMP-2 and MMP-9. The intensity of the m/z value corresponding to the product of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 digestion in each spectrum was extracted to produce a two-dimensional image showing the localization of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the ex vivo tissue sample. Fluorescence imaging was used as a complementary technique.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Muruganantham, Sasirekha"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science in Chemistry (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Rath, Narayan C.","Thallapuranam, Suresh"],"advisors":["Stenken, Julie A."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-12-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2011-12-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:59:15Z","subjects":["Pure sciences","Anal.chem","Chem","Analytical Chemistry","Biochemistry"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/137","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Rath, Narayan C.","Thallapuranam, Suresh"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Stenken, Julie A."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Muruganantham, Sasirekha"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2011"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2016-11-16T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science in Chemistry (MS)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Pure sciences","Anal.chem","Chem","Analytical Chemistry","Biochemistry"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/137"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Biomaterial implantation induces the foreign body response (FBR). Development of longer-term implants relies on the thorough understanding of the FBR. The progression of the FBR is regulated by a number of biomolecules including cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The nature of the FBR requires the spatial and temporal regulation of these mediators. MMPs are an extremely large and diverse group of enzymes that play key roles in regulating the FBR. Precise spatiotemporal regulation of MMPs defines their proteolytic activities. The aim of this project is to develop a new bioanalytical method to visualize the localization of active MMPs at the implant site in ex vivo tissue samples. The localization of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 surrounding the implanted biomaterial in the ex vivo tissue sample was determined using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. The MALDI imaging scheme employed a synthetic FRET substrate specific for MMP-2 and MMP-9. The intensity of the m/z value corresponding to the product of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 digestion in each spectrum was extracted to produce a two-dimensional image showing the localization of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the ex vivo tissue sample. Fluorescence imaging was used as a complementary technique.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Visualizing the Spatial Localization of Active Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) using MALDI Imaging MS"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Rath, Narayan C.","Thallapuranam, Suresh"],"dc:contributor.advisor":["Stenken, Julie A."],"dc:creator":["Muruganantham, Sasirekha"],"dc:date":["2011"],"dc:date.available":["2016-11-16T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Biomaterial implantation induces the foreign body response (FBR). Development of longer-term implants relies on the thorough understanding of the FBR. The progression of the FBR is regulated by a number of biomolecules including cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The nature of the FBR requires the spatial and temporal regulation of these mediators. MMPs are an extremely large and diverse group of enzymes that play key roles in regulating the FBR. Precise spatiotemporal regulation of MMPs defines their proteolytic activities. The aim of this project is to develop a new bioanalytical method to visualize the localization of active MMPs at the implant site in ex vivo tissue samples. The localization of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 surrounding the implanted biomaterial in the ex vivo tissue sample was determined using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. The MALDI imaging scheme employed a synthetic FRET substrate specific for MMP-2 and MMP-9. The intensity of the m/z value corresponding to the product of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 digestion in each spectrum was extracted to produce a two-dimensional image showing the localization of active MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the ex vivo tissue sample. Fluorescence imaging was used as a complementary technique.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/137"],"dc:subject":["Pure sciences","Anal.chem","Chem","Analytical Chemistry","Biochemistry"],"dc:title":["Visualizing the Spatial Localization of Active Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) using MALDI Imaging MS"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in Chemistry (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:59:15Z"}